East Coast

Regional definitions vary from source to source. The states shown in dark red are usually included, while all or portions of the striped states may or may not be considered part of the East Coast.

The "Eastern Seaboard," or "Atlantic Seaboard" are terms referring to the easternmost coastal states in the United States. They touch the Atlantic Ocean and stretch up to Canada. It usually includes all thirteen original states, as well as such selected places as Washington, D.C., Florida, Maine and Vermont.

Inclusion of states

The term "East Coast" is often associated with the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States, particularly for cultural concepts such as an "Eastern college" or "East-coast liberal" or the "I-95 Corridor" (referring to Interstate 95). The Southeastern portion of the coast from Virginia to Florida is more typically associated culturally with the larger American South. "East Coast" may also refer even more narrowly to the highly urbanized strip along the coast from Boston, Massachusetts, to Washington, D.C., which is also known as the "Northeast Corridor", a definition which excludes the less densely populated areas of Upstate New York and Western Pennsylvania, with cities like Buffalo and Pittsburgh, which may have more in common with the Midwest than with cities like New York, Philadelphia, Washington, D.C., Baltimore and Boston.

History

The East Coast was part of the Atlantic world, and had elaborate trade interconnections with Britain, France, Africa, as well as with the British, French and Spanish colonies of the New World. It was also the scene of large scale colonization by the British starting in the 1580s. Some colonies failed but most thrived. On the other hand the Dutch, Swedish, Spanish and other colonies were eventually taken over by the English speakers. A series of wars between Britain and the French (and Indians), and Spanish, and then wars between the Americans and the British and their Indian allies, kept the frontier regions violent down to 1814. The Americans grew rapidly, and moved to frontiers in the west, and also to the North and South, in unstoppable waves after 1750. The attempts by the (British) Government to prevent European settlement west of the Appalachians (in order to pacify former Native American allies following Pontiac's War, were the primary cause of the American colonist's rebellion. The very rapid demographic growth was due to enormous amounts of good land, ample food, and a favorable disease environment. The Americans doubled in number every 25 years by natural increase. This was augmented before 1775 by steady flows of new migrants from Britain, as well as large numbers from Germany, plus slave purchases. Immigration fell off after 1775, then resumed about 1840. Millions of "old" immigrants came from Britain, Ireland, Germany and Scandinavia before 1890, and even more millions came from Southern and Eastern Europe between 1890 and 1914, when war and immigration restrictions stopped most population movement. Large scale immigration did not resume until the 1960s.

The 13 colonies developed their own political culture in the 18th century, called republicanism. They revolted in 1775, creating the new "United States of America" in 1776.

Culturally it is also where most of the first wave of immigrants from Europe settled before America began its western expansion. The Appalachian Trail runs through most of these states from Maine through Georgia. Historically the Mason-Dixon Line cuts this area in half at the northern border of Maryland, which still indicates a cultural change. Through the course of early United States history, the Eastern Coast was divided over many issues including slavery. In the 1860s this came to a head and the Civil War broke out. This war was fought mostly in East Coast states, including Maryland, Virginia, and North and South Carolina.

See also

• Atlantic Coast
• Geology of the Appalachians
• West Coast of the United States
• Third Coast

References

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