American chemist and physicist (1838–1923)
Edward Morley
| Scientist: Edward Williams Morley |
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Morley, Edward Williams, 1838-1923, American scientist, b. Newark, N.J., grad. Williams College, 1860. From 1869 to 1906 he was professor of chemistry at Western Reserve College (now Case Western Reserve Univ.). He is known especially for his work with A. A. Michelson and D. C. Miller in investigating the relative motion of the earth and ether and in developing the interferometer as a means of measuring length and distance, and particularly for the Michelson-Morley experiment (1887), which led to the refutation of the ether hypothesis and the development of Einstein's theory of relativity. His other important experiments include research on the oxygen content of the atmosphere; determinations of the density of oxygen and hydrogen and their combining ratio in water; determination of the velocity of light in a magnetic field; and work on thermal expansion.
| WordNet: Edward Morley |
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Meaning #1:
United States chemist and physicist who collaborated with Michelson in the Michelson-Morley experiment (1838-1923)
Synonyms: Morley, E. W. Morley, Edward Williams Morley
| Wikipedia: Edward Morley |
| Edward Williams Morley | |
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 Edward Morley in 1887
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| Born | January 29, 1838 Newark, New Jersey |
| Died | February 24, 1923 (aged 85) West Hartford, Connecticut |
| Institutions | Western Reserve College |
| Alma mater | Williams College |
| Known for | Michelson-Morley experiment |
| Notable awards | Elliott Cresson Medal (1912) Davy Medal (1907) Willard Gibbs Medal (1899) |
Edward Williams Morley (January 29, 1838 - February 24, 1923) was an American scientist famous for the Michelson-Morley experiment.
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Early life
Morley was born in Newark, New Jersey and grew up in West Hartford, Connecticut. He graduated from Williams College in 1860.
Career
From 1869 to 1906 he was professor of chemistry at Western Reserve College (which was federated into today's Case Western Reserve University).
His best remembered work, which he did together with Albert Abraham Michelson in 1887, was the Michelson–Morley experiment. Neither he nor Michelson ever considered that it disproved the aether hypothesis. However, others did, and it ultimately led to Einstein's theory of relativity. Morley also worked with Dayton Miller on positive aether experiments after his work with Michelson.
Morley also worked on the oxygen composition of the atmosphere, thermal expansion, and the velocity of light in a magnetic field.
Honors
Morley was president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (1895) and president of the American Chemical Society (1899). Morley won the Davy Medal of the Royal Society of London (1907) and the Elliott Cresson Medal (1912) awarded by the Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania for important contributions to Chemical Science. Willard Gibbs Medal of the Chicago Section of the American Chemical Society (1899).
The lunar crater Morley was named for him. The Morley Elementary School in West Hartford was also named for him. His home in West Hartford was made a National Historic Landmark in 1975.
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 | Scientist. A Dictionary of Scientists. Copyright © Market House Books Ltd 1993, 1999, 2003. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Columbia Encyclopedia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright © 2003, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. www.cc.columbia.edu/cu/cup/. Read more |
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Mentioned in
- Michelson, Albert Abraham (German-born American physicist)
- The Mechanical Universe Part II: The Michelson-Morley Experiment (1985 Science & Technology Film)
- The Light, for orchestra (Classical Work)
- Morley Callaghan (Canadian novelist)
- All the Years of Her Life (Author Biography) (story)
- Does the ether exist? (essay)
- Measuring with waves, seeing with fringes (essay)
- Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (Dutch theoretical physicist)
- Relativity (essay)
- Torin Thatcher (Actor, Drama/Adventure)
- Edward W. Morley House
- Year 1887 (in Science & Technology)
- List of scientist pairs
- 1923 in science
