Eleutherodactylus: Information from Answers.com

Wikipedia: Eleutherodactylus

Eleutherodactylus

Eleutherodactylus mimus.

Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Lissamphibia
Order:	Anura
Suborder:	Neobatrachia
Superfamily:	Hyloidea
Family:	Leptodactylidae
Subfamily:	Eleutherodactylinae
Genus:	Eleutherodactylus Duméril and Bibron, 1841

Species

Many, see text.

Cliff Chirping Frog, Eleutherodactylus marnockii

Eleutherodactylus is a diverse genus of leptodactylid frogs. This is typically described as the largest vertebrate genus on Earth, with over 700 species^[1], new ones being discovered almost every year.^{[citation needed]} Sensu stricto, however, it should exclude clades with distributions south of the Panama Canal^[2]. Many species are commonly known as "rain frogs"^[1] or "tink frogs" for their sharp, high-pitched, insect-link calls. The best known species is the Common Coquí (Eleutherodactylus coqui), which is a national symbol in Puerto Rico, and a notorious invasive species in Hawaii. E. limbatus and E. iberia are the smallest known frogs, measuring only 8½ mm.^[3]

Etymology

The name "Eleutherodactylus" is derived from the Greek words for free-toed. Most species are small, slender, and cryptically colored, with 3-5 free toes. A few, such as the possibly extinct Web-footed Coquí (Eleutherodactylus karlschmidti) of Puerto Rico, have completely webbed feet. Many species, for example Cook's Robber Frog, (E. cooki), also of Puerto Rico, exhibit sexual dimorphism in size and color.

Distribution and habitat

Species of Eleutherodactylus are found throughout the Neotropics, including the southern United States, Mexico, Central America, South America and the Caribbean. Additionally, the Common Coquí (E. coqui) has been introduced to several islands in the Hawaiian archipelago and elsewhere in the Pacific.^[4].

They may be terrestrial, arboreal, or aquatic, typically living in forests or riparian areas, and feeding primarily feed upon arthropods. Many Eleutherodactylus species have highly restricted ranges and are found on only one island or in one or a few localities. Even some of these restricted species can occur at very high densities.

Reproduction and development

All species of Eleutherodactylus are characterized by direct development, in which eggs hatch directly into small frogs, completely bypassing the tadpole stage. This adaptation may be largely responsible for their ecological and evolutionary success. Most species of Eleutherodactylus are characterized by parental behaviors such as egg guarding by either the male or female parent. In some cases, even young froglets are attended by parents. Another extinct Puerto Rican species, the Golden coquí (Eleutherodactylus jasperi), gave birth to live young.

Phylogenetics

The basis of forming this genus has been morphological, but sequence comparisons of protein-encoding DNA, mitochondrial DNA, and Ribosomal RNA have shown that geographic range is a much more consistent predictor of cladistics for this group of frogs. The climbing habits characteristic of many species have evolved independently. All true members of the genus have been clustered into subgenera, but many less related species require more genetic data before they are to be officially classified elsewhere. The theory that the Eleutherodactyline colonisation of Central America and the Caribbean from their origins in South America occurred during the Cretaceous has fallen out of favor. The fossil record combined with molecular clock analyses indicate that the subgenera were probably founded by small groups of individuals by flotsam dispersal during the Eocene or Oligocene. Land bridges would have been limited to facilitating dispersal between West Indian islands, however the Oligocene division of Hispaniola and Cuba resulted in further speciation. The distribution of subgenus Syrrhopus is most likely due to a secondary dispersal to Central America from the Greater Antilles during the Miocene. The formation of the Panama Isthmus during the Pliocene has caused some intercontinental distribution among the clades, although only twenty "South American frogs" have ever made it northwards after the original colonisation. ^[2]

Species

West Indian (Subgenus Eleutherodactylus)

E. (E.) abbotti Cochran, 1923
E. (E.) amplinympha Kaiser, Green & Schmid, 1994
E. (E.) antillensis Reinhardt & Lütken, 1863
E. (E.) audanti Cochran, 1934
E. (E.) auriculatoides Noble, 1923
E. (E.) auriculatus Cope, 1862
E. (E.) barlagnei Lynch, 1965
E. (E.) bartonsmithi Schwartz, 1960
E. (E.) brittoni Schmidt, 1920
E. (E.) cochranae Grant, 1932
E. (E.) cooki Grant, 1932
E. (E.) coqui Thomas, 1966
E. (E.) eileenae Dunn, 1926
E. (E.) eneidae Rivero, 1959
E. (E.) flavescens Noble, 1923
E. (E.) fowleri Schwartz, 1973
E. (E.) glamyrus Estrada & Hedges, 1997

E. (E.) gryllus Schmidt, 1920
E. (E.) guantanamera Hedges, Estrada & Thomas, 1992
E. (E.) haitianus Barbour, 1942
E. (E.) hedricki Rivero, 1963
E. (E.) ionthus Schwartz, 1960
E. (E.) jasperi Drewry & Jones, 1976
E. (E.) johnstonei Barbour, 1914
E. (E.) karlschmidti Grant, 1931
E. (E.) lamprotes Schwartz, 1973
E. (E.) leberi Schwartz, 1965
E. (E.) locustus Schmidt, 1920
E. (E.) mariposa Hedges, Estrada & Thomas, 1992
E. (E.) martinicensis Tschudi, 1838
E. (E.) melacara Hedges, Estrada & Thomas, 1992
E. (E.) minutus Noble, 1923

E. (E.) montanus Schmidt, 1919
E. (E.) parabates Schwartz, 1964
E. (E.) patriciae Schwartz, 1965
E. (E.) pinchoni Schwartz, 1967
E. (E.) pituinus Schwartz, 1965
E. (E.) poolei Cochran, 1938
E. (E.) portoricensis Schmidt, 1927
E. (E.) principalis Estrada & Hedges, 1997
E. (E.) richmondi Stejneger, 1904
E. (E.) ronaldi Schwartz, 1960
E. (E.) schwartzi Thomas, 1966
E. (E.) unicolor Stejneger, 1904
E. (E.) varians Gundlach & Peters, 1864
E. (E.) wetmorei Cochran, 1932
E. (E.) wightmanae Schmidt, 1920

West Indian (Subgenus Euhyas)

E. (Eu.) acmonis Schwartz, 1960
E. (Eu.) adelus Diaz, Cadiz & Hedges, 2003
E. (Eu.) albipes Barbour & Shreve, 1937
E. (Eu.) alcoae Schwartz, 1971
E. (Eu.) alticola Lynn, 1937
E. (Eu.) amadeus Hedges, Thomas & Franz, 1987
E. (Eu.) andrewsi Lynn, 1937
E. (Eu.) apostates Schwartz, 1973
E. (Eu.) armstrongi Noble & Hassler, 1933
E. (Eu.) atknisi Dunn, 1925
E. (Eu.) bakeri Cochran, 1935
E. (Eu.) blairhedgesi Estrada, Díaz & Rodriguez, 1998
E. (Eu.) bresslerae Schwartz, 1960
E. (Eu.) brevirostris Shreve, 1936
E. (Eu.) caribe Hedges & Thomas, 1992
E. (Eu.) casparii Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) cavernicola Lynn, 1954
E. (Eu.) corona Hedges & Thomas, 1992
E. (Eu.) cubanus Barbour, 1942
E. (Eu.) cundalli Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) cuneatus Cope, 1862
E. (Eu.) darlingtoni Cochran, 1935
E. (Eu.) dimidiatus Cope, 1862
E. (Eu.) dolomedes Hedges & Thomas, 1992
E. (Eu.) emiliae Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) etheridgei Schwartz, 1958
E. (Eu.) eunaster Schwartz, 1973
E. (Eu.) furcyensis Shreve & Williams, 1963
E. (Eu.) fuscus Lynn & Dent, 1943
E. (Eu.) glandulifer Cochran, 1935
E. (Eu.) glanduliferoides Shreve, 1936
E. (Eu.) glaphycompus Schwartz, 1973

E. (Eu.) glaucoreius Schwartz & Fowler, 1973
E. (Eu.) goini Schwartz, 1960
E. (Eu.) gossei Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) grabhami Dunn, 1926
Eleutherodactylus grahami Schwartz, 1979
E. (Eu.) greyi Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) griphus Crombie, 1986
E. (Eu.) guanahacabibes Estrada & Rodriguez, 1985
E. (Eu.) gundlachi Schmidt, 1920
E. (Eu.) heminota Shreve & Williams, 1963
E. (Eu.) iberia Estrada & Hedges, 1996
E. (Eu.) intermedius Barbour & Shreve, 1937
E. (Eu.) jamaicensis Barbour, 1910
E. (Eu.) jaumei Estrada & Alonso, 1997
E. (Eu.) jugans Cochran, 1937
E. (Eu.) junori Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) klinikowskii Schwartz, 1959
E. (Eu.) lentus Cope, 1862
E. (Eu.) leoncei Shreve & Williams, 1963
E. (Eu.) limbatus Cope, 1862
E. (Eu.) lucioi Schwartz, 1980
E. (Eu.) luteolus Gosse, 1851
E. (Eu.) maestrensis Díaz, Cádiz & Navarro, 2005
E. (Eu.) michaelschmidi Díaz, Cádiz & Navarro, 2007
E. (Eu.) monensis Meerwarth, 1901
E. (Eu.) nubicola Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) orcutti Dunn, 1928
E. (Eu.) orientalis Barbour & Shreve, 1937
E. (Eu.) oxyrhyncus Duméril & Bibron, 1841
E. (Eu.) pantoni Dunn, 1926

E. (Eu.) paulsoni Schwartz, 1964
E. (Eu.) pentasyringos Schwartz & Fowler, 1973
E. (Eu.) pezopetrus Schwartz, 1960
E. (Eu.) pictissimus Cochran, 1935
E. (Eu.) pinarensis Dunn, 1926
E. (Eu.) planirostris Cope, 1862
E. (Eu.) probolaeus Schwartz, 1965
E. (Eu.) rhodesi Schwartz, 1980
E. (Eu.) ricordii Duméril & Bibron, 1841
E. (Eu.) riparius Estrada & Hedges, 1998
E. (Eu.) rivularis Diaz, Estrada & Hedges, 2001
E. (Eu.) rogersi Goin, 1955
E. (Eu.) rufifemroralis Noble & Hassler, 1933
E. (Eu.) schmidti Noble, 1923
E. (Eu.) sciagraphus Schwartz, 1973
E. (Eu.) semipalmatus Shreve, 1936
E. (Eu.) simulans Diaz & Fong, 2001
E. (Eu.) sisyphodemus Crombie, 1977
E. (Eu.) tetajulia Estrada & Hedges, 1996
E. (Eu.) thomasi Schwartz, 1959
E. (Eu.) thorectes Hedges, 1988
E. (Eu.) toa Estrada & Hedges, 1991
E. (Eu.) tonyi Estrada & Hedges, 1997
E. (Eu.) turquinensis Barbour & Shreve, 1937
E. (Eu.) varleyi Dunn, 1925
E. (Eu.) ventrilineatus Shreve, 1936
E. (Eu.) warreni Schwartz, 1976
E. (Eu.) winlandi Barbour, 1914
E. (Eu.) zugi Schwartz, 1958

Hispaniolan (subgenus Pelorius)

E. (P.) chlorophenax Schwartz, 1976
E. (P.) hypostenor Schwartz, 1965

E. (P.) inoptatus Barbour, 1914
E. (P.) nortoni Schwartz, 1976

E. (P.) parapelates Hedges & Thomas, 1987
E. (P.) ruthae Noble, 1923

North/Central American and Cuban (subgenus Syrrhopus)

E. (S.) albolabris Lynch & Lescure, 1980
E. (S.) angustidigitorum Taylor, 1940
E. (S.) cystingnathoides Cope, 1877
E. (S.) dennisi Lynch, 1970
E. (S.) dilatus Davis & Dixon, 1955
E. (S.) grandis Dixon, 1957
E. (S.) guttilatus Cope, 1879
E. (S.) leprus Cope, 1879
E. (S.) interorbitalis Langebartel & Shannon, 1956

E. (S.) longipes Baird, 1859
E. (S.) marnockii Cope, 1878
E. (S.) maurus Hedges, 1989
E. (S.) modestus Taylor, 1942
E. (S.) nitidus Peters, 1870
E. (S.) nivicolimae Dixon & Webb, 1966
E. (S.) pallidus Duellman, 1958
E. (S.) pipilans Taylor, 1940
E. (S.) rubrimaculatus Taylor & Smith, 1945

E. (S.) rufescens Duellman & Dixon, 1959
E. (S.) saxatilis Webb, 1962
E. (S.) symingtoni Schwartz, 1957
E. (S.) syristes Hoyt, 1965
E. (S.) teretistes Duellman, 1958
E. (S.) verrucipes Cope, 1885
E. (S.) verruculatus Peters, 1870
E. (S.) zeus Schwartz, 1958

Central American clade (genus/subgenus Craugastor)

E. adamastus Campbell, 1994
E. alfredi Boulenger, 1898
E. amniscola Campbell & Savage, 2000
E. anciano Savage, McCranie & Wilson, 1988
E. andi Savage, 1974
E. angelicus Savage, 1975
E. aphanus Campbell, 1994
E. augusti Dugès, 1879
E. aurilegulus Savage, McCranie & Wilson, 1988
E. azueroensis Savage, 1975
E. batrachylus Taylor, 1940
E. berkenbuschii Peters, 1870
E. biporcatus Peters, 1863
E. bocourti Brocchi, 1877
E. bransfordii Cope, 1886
E. brocchi Boulenger, 1882
E. campbelli Smith, 2005
E. catalinae Campbell & Savage, 2000
E. chac Savage, 1987
E. charadra Campbell & Savage, 2000
E. chrysozetetes McCranie, Savage & Wilson, 1989
E. coffeus McCranie & Köhler, 1999
E. crassidigitus Taylor, 1952
E. cruzi McCranie, Savage & Wilson, 1989
E. cuaquero Savage, 1980
E. cyanocthebius McCranie & Smith, 2006
E. daryi Ford & Savage, 1984
E. latens Lynch, 1989
E. decoratus Taylor, 1942
E. emcelae Lynch, 1985
E. emleni Dunn & Emlen, 1932
E. epochthidius McCranie & Wilson, 1997
E. escoces Savage, 1975
E. fecundus McCranie & Wilson, 1997
E. fitzingeri Schmidt, 1857
E. fleischmanni Boettger, 1892
E. galacticorhinus Canseco-Marquez & Smith, 2004
E. glaucus Lynch, 1967

E. gollmeri Peters, 1863
E. greggi Bumzahem, 1955
E. guerreroensis Lynch, 1967
E. gulosus Cope, 1875
E. hobartsmithi Taylor, 1937
E. inachus Campbell & Savage, 2000
E. jota Lynch, 1980
E. laevissimus Werner, 1896
E. laticeps Duméril, 1853
E. lauraster Savage, McCranie & Espinal, 1996
E. lineatus Brocchi, 1879
E. loki Shannon & Werler, 1955
E. longirostris Boulenger, 1898
E. matudai Taylor, 1941
E. megacephalus Cope, 1875
E. megalotympanum Shannon & Werler, 1955
E. melanostictus Cope, 1875
E. merendonensis Schmidt, 1933
E. mexicanus Brocchi, 1877
E. milesi Schmidt, 1933
E. mimus Taylor, 1955
E. monnichorum Dunn, 1940
E. montanus Dunn, 1940
E. myllomyllon Savage, 2000
E. nefrens Smith, 2005
E. noblei Barbour & Dunn, 1921
E. obesus Barbour, 1928
E. occidentalis Taylor, 1941
E. olanchano McCranie & Wilson, 1999
E. omiltemanus Günther, 1900
E. omoaensis McCranie & Wilson, 1997
E. opimus Savage & Myers, 2002
E. palenque Campbell & Savage, 2000
E. pechorum McCranie & Wilson, 1999
E. pelorus Campbell & Savage, 2000
E. persimilis Barbour, 1926
E. phasma Lips & Savage, 1996

E. podiciferus Cope, 1875
E. polymniae Campbell, Lamar & Hillis, 1989
E. polyptychus Cope, 1886
E. pozo Johnson & Savage, 1995
E. psephosypharus Campbell, Savage & Meyer, 1994
E. punctariolus Peters, 1863
E. pygmaeus Taylor, 1937
E. raniformis Boulenger, 1896
E. ranoides Cope, 1886
E. rayo Savage & DeWeese, 1979
E. rhodopsis Cope, 1867
E. rhyacobatrachus Campbell & Savage, 2000
E. rivulus Campbell & Savage, 2000
E. rostralis Werner, 1896
E. rugosus Peters, 1873
E. rugulosus Cope, 1870
E. rupinius Campbell & Savage, 2000
E. sabrinus Campbell & Savage, 2000
E. saltuarius McCranie & Wilson, 1997
E. sandersoni Schmidt, 1941
E. silvicola Lynch, 1967
E. spatulatus Smith, 1939
E. stadelmani Schmidt, 1936
E. stejnegerianus Cope, 1893
E. stuarti Lynch, 1967
E. tabasarae Savage, Hollingsworth, Lips & Jaslow, 2004
E. talamancae Dunn, 1931
E. tarahumaraensis Taylor, 1940
E. taurus Taylor, 1958
E. taylori Lynch, 1966
E. trachydermus Campbell, 1994
E. underwoodi Boulenger, 1896
E. uno Savage, 1984
E. vocalis Taylor, 1940
E. vulcani Shannon & Werler, 1955
E. xucanebi Stuart, 1941
E. yucatensis Lynch, 1965

Northern South American Clade, marked for a move to genus Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870

E. aaptus Lynch & Lescure, 1980
E. acatallelus Lynch & Ruiz-Carranza, 1983
E. acerus Lynch & Duellman, 1980
E. achatinus Boulenger, 1898
E. actinolaimus Lynch & Rueda-Almonacid, 1998
E. actites Lynch, 1979
E. acuminatus Shreve, 1935
E. acutirostris Lynch, 1984
E. aemulatus Ruiz-Carranza, Lynch & Ardila-Robayo, 1997
E. affinis Werner, 1899
E. alalocophus Roa-Trujillo & Ruiz-Carranza, 1991
E. albericoi Lynch & Ruiz-Carranza, 1996
E. altae Dunn, 1942
E. altamazonicus Barbour & Dunn, 1921
E. anemerus Duellman & Pramuk, 1999
E. angustilineata Lynch, 1998
E. aniptopalmatus Duellman & Hedges, 2005
E. anolirex Lynch, 1983
E. anotis Walker & Test, 1955
E. anthrax Lynch, 2001
E. apiculatus Lynch & Burrowes, 1990
E. appendiculatus Werner, 1894
E. aracamuni Barrio-Amorós & Molina, 2006
E. ardalonychus Duellman & Pramuk, 1999
E. ashkapara Köhler, 2000
E. atrabracus Duellman & Pramuk, 1999
E. atratus Lynch, 1979
E. aurantiguttatus Ruiz-Carranza, Lynch & Ardila-Robayo, 1997
E. aureolineatus Guayasamin, Ron, Cisneros-Heredia, Lamar &McCracken, 2006
E. avicuporum Duellman & Pramuk, 1999
E. avius Myers & Donnelly, 1997
E. bacchus Lynch, 1984
E. baiotis Lynch, 1998
E. balionutus Lynch, 1979
E. baryecuus Lynch, 1979
E. batrachites Lynch, 2003
E. bearsei Duellman, 1992
E. bellona Lynch, 1992
E. bernali Lynch, 1986
E. bicolor Rueda-Almonacid & Lynch, 1983
E. bicumulus Peters, 1863
E. bipunctatus Duellman & Hedges, 2005
E. bisignatus Werner, 1899
E. boconoensis Rivero & Mayorga, 1973
E. bogotensis Peters, 1863
E. boulengeri Lynch, 1981
E. brevifrons Lynch, 1981
E. briceni Boulenger, 1903
E. bromeliaceus Lynch, 1979
E. buccinator Rodriguez, 1994
E. buckleyi Boulenger, 1882
E. cabrerai Cochran & Goin, 1970
E. cacao Lynch, 1992
E. cajamercensis Barbour & Noble, 1920
E. calcaratus Boulenger, 1908
E. calcarulatus Lynch, 1976
E. caliginosus Lynch, 1996
E. cantitans Myers & Donnelly, 1996
E. capitonis Lynch, 1998
E. caprifer Lynch, 1977
E. carlossanchezi Arroyo, 2007
E. carmelitae Ruthven, 1922
E. carranguerorum Lynch, 1994
E. carvalhoi Lutz, 1952
E. caryophyllaceus Barbour, 1928
E. cavernibardus Myers & Donnelly, 1997
E. celator Lynch, 1976
E. cerasinus Cope, 1875
E. ceuthospilus Duellman & Wild, 1993
E. chalceus Peters, 1873
E. charlottevillensis Kaiser, Dwyer, Feichtinger & Schmid, 1995
E. chiastonotus Lynch & Hoogmoed, 1977
E. chloronotus Lynch, 1969
E. chrysops Lynch & Ruiz-Carranza, 1996
E. citriogaster Duellman, 1992
E. colodactylus Lynch, 1979
E. colomai Lynch & Duellman, 1997
E. colostichos La Marca & Smith, 1982
E. condor Lynch & Duellman, 1980
E. conspicillatus Günther, 1858
E. cordovae Lehr & Duellman, 2007
E. corniger Lynch & Suárez-Mayorga, 2003
E. corrugatus Duellman, Lehr & Venegas, 2006
E. cosnipatae Duellman, 1978
E. cremnobates Lynch & Duellman, 1980
E. crenunguis Lynch, 1976
E. crepitans Bokermann, 1965
E. cristinae Lynch & Ruiz-Carranza, 1985
E. coceoinguinis Lynch, 1968
E. crucifer Boulenger, 1899
E. cruciocularis Lundberg, Aguilar et al., 2006
E. cruentus Peters, 1873
E. cryophilius Lynch, 1979
E. cryptomelas Lynch, 1979
E. cuentasi Lynch, 2003
E. cuneirostris Duellman & Pramuk, 1999
E. curtipes Boulenger, 1882
E. danae Duellman, 1978
E. degener Lynch & Duellman, 1997
E. deinops Lynch, 1996
E. delicatus Ruthven, 1917
E. delius Duellman & Mendelson, 1995
E. devillei Boulenger, 1880
E. diadematus Jiménez de la Espada, 1875
E. doaphonus Lynch, 1986
E. diastema Cope, 1875
E. diogenes Lynch & Ruiz-Carranza, 1996
E. dissimulatus Lynch & Duellman, 1997
E. dorsopictus Rivero & Serna, 1988
E. douglasi Lynch, 1996
E. duellmani Lynch, 1980
E. duende Lynch, 2001
E. dundeei Heyer & Muñoz, 1999
E. elegans Peters, 1863
E. epacrus Lynch & Suárez-Mayorga, 2000
E. eremitus Lynch, 1980
E. eriphus Lynch & Duellman, 1980
E. ernesti Flores, 1987
E. erythropleura Boulenger, 1896
E. esmereldas Guayasamin, 2004
E. eugeniae Lynch & Duellman, 1997
E. euphronides Schwartz, 1967
E. erydactylus Hedges & Schlüter, 1992
E. exoristus Duellman & Pramuk, 1999
E. factiosus Lynch & Rueda-Almonacid, 1998
E. fallax Lynch & Rueda-Almonacid, 1999
E. fenestratus Steindachner, 1864
E. festae Peracca, 1904
E. fetosus Lynch & Rueda-Almonacid, 1998
E. flavobracatus Lundberg, Aguilar et al., 2006
E. floridus Lynch & Duellman, 1997
E. frater Werner, 1899
E. fraudator Lynch & McDiarmid, 1987
E. gaigeae Dunn, 1931
E. galdi Jiménez de la Espada, 1871
E. ganonotus Duellman & Lynch, 1988
E. gentryi Lynch & Duellman, 1997
E. ginesi Rivero, 1964
E. gladiator Lynch, 1976
E. glandulosus Boulenger, 1880
E. gracilis Lynch, 1986

E. grandiceps Lynch, 1984
E. gularis Boulenger, 1898
E. gutturalis Hoogmoed, Lynch & Lescure, 1977
E. hamiotae Flores, 1994
E. hectus Lynch & Burrowes, 1990
E. helvolus Lynch & Rueda-Almonacid, 1998
E. hernandezi Lynch & Ruiz-Carranza, 1983
E. huicundo Guayasamin, Almeida-Reinoso & Nogales-Sornosa, 2004
E. hybotragus Lynch, 1992
E. hylaeformis Cope, 1875
E. ignicolor Lynch & Duellman, 1980
E. illotus Lynch & Duellman, 1997
E. imitatrix Duellman, 1978
E. incanus Lynch & Duellman, 1980
E. incertus Lutz, 1927
E. incomptus Lynch & Duellman, 1980
E. infraguttatus Duellman & Pramuk, 1999
E. inguinalis Parker, 1940
E. insignitus Ruthven, 1917
E. inusitatus Lynch & Duellman, 1980
E. ixalus Lynch, 2003
E. jaimei Lynch, 1992
E. johannesdei Rivero & Serna, 1988
E. jorgevelosai Lynch, 1994
E. juanchoi Lynch, 1996
E. jubatus Garcia & Lynch, 2006
E. kareliae La Marca, 2005
E. katoptroides Flores, 1988
E. kelephas Lynch, 1998
E. kirklandi Flores, 1985
E. labiosus Lynch, Ruiz-Carranza & Ardila-Robayo, 1994
E. lacrimosus Jiménez de la Espada, 1875
E. lancinii Donoso-Barros, 1965
E. lanthanites Lynch, 1975
E. lasalleorum Lynch, 1995
E. laticlavus Lynch & Burrowes, 1990
E. latidiscus Boulenger, 1898
E. lemur Lynch & Rueda-Almonacid, 1998
E. lentiginosus Rivero, 1984
E. leoni Lynch, 1976
E. leptolophus Lynch, 1980
E. leucopus Lynch, 1976
E. librarius Flores & Vigle, 1994
E. lichenoides Lynch & Rueda-Almonacid, 1997
E. lindae Duellman, 1978
E. lirellus Dwyer, 1995
E. lividus Lynch & Duellman, 1980
E. llojsintuta Köhler & Lötters, 1999
E. loustes Lynch, 1979
E. luscombei Duellman & Mendelson, 1995
E. luteolateralis Lynch, 1976
E. lutitus Lynch, 1984
E. lymani Barbour & Noble, 1920
E. lynchi Duellman & Simmons, 1977
E. lythrodes Lynch & Lescure, 1980
E. maculosus Lynch, 1991
E. malkini Lynch, 1980
E. marahuaka Fuentes-Ramos & Barrio-Amoros, 2004
E. marmoratus Boulenger, 1900
E. mars Lynch & Ruiz-Carranza, 1996
E. martiae Lynch, 1974
E. medemi Lynch, 1994
E. megalops Ruthven, 1917
E. melanogaster Duellman & Pramuk, 1999
E. melanoproctus Rivero, 1984
E. memorans Myers & Donnelly, 1997
E. mendax Duellman, 1978
E. mercedesae Lynch & McDiarmid, 1987
E. meridionalis Lehr & Duellman, 2007
E. merostictus Lynch, 1984
E. metabates Duellman & Pramuk, 1999
E. miyatai Lynch, 1984
E. mnionaetes Lynch, 1998
E. modipeplus Lynch, 1981
E. molybrignus Lynch, 1986
E. mondolfii Rivero, 1984
E. moro Savage, 1965
E. muricatus Lynch & Miyata, 1980
E. muscosus Duellman & Pramuk, 1999
E. museosus Ibáñez, Jaramillo & Arosemena, 1994
E. myersi Goin & Cochran, 1963
E. myops Lynch, 1998
E. nephophilus Duellman & Pramuk, 1999
E. nervicus Lynch, 1994
E. nicefori Cochran & Goin, 1970
E. nigrogriseus Andersson, 1945
E. nyctophylax Lynch, 1976
E. obmutescens Lynch, 1980
E. ocellatus Lynch & Burrowes, 1990
E. ockendeni Boulenger, 1912
E. ocreatus Lynch, 1981
E. olivaceus Köhler, Morales, Lötters, Reichle & Aparicio, 1998
E. orcesi Lynch, 1972
E. orestes Lynch, 1979
E. ornatissimus Despax, 1911
E. ornatus Lundberg, Aguilar et al., 2006
E. orpacobates Lynch, Ruiz-Carranza & Ardila-Robayo, 1994
E. orphnolaimus Lynch, 1970
E. ortizi Guayasamin, Almeida-Reinoso & Nogales-Sornosa, 2004
E. padrecarlosi Mueses-Cisneros, 2006
E. paisa Lynch & Ardila-Robayo, 1999
E. palmeri Boulenger, 1912
E. paramerus Rivero, 1984
E. pardalinus Lundberg, Aguilar et al., 2