Elul

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The shofar is blown every morning from the first day of Elul until Rosh Hashanah (except on Shabbat).
Month Number:	12
Number of Days:	29
Season:	summer
Gregorian Equivalent:	August-September

Teshuvah Return in Judaism: repentance, atonement, higher ascent
In the Hebrew Bible:
Biblical Altars
Temple in Jerusalem
Korban
Prophecy in the Temple
Aspects:
Confession in Judaism
Atonement in Judaism
Love of God
Awe of God
Mystical approach
Ethical approach
Jewish meditation
Jewish services
Torah study
Tzedakah
Mitzvot
In the Jewish calendar:
Month of Elul · Selichot
Rosh Hashanah
Shofar · Tashlikh
Ten Days of Repentance
Kapparot · Mikveh
Yom Kippur
Sukkot · Simchat Torah
Ta'anit · Tisha B'Av
Passover · The Omer
Shavuot
Contemporary Judaism:
Baal teshuva movement
Jewish Renewal
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Elul (Hebrew: אֱלוּל‎, Standard Elul Tiberian ʾĔlûl) is the twelfth month of the Jewish civil year and the sixth month of the ecclesiastical year on the Hebrew calendar. It is a summer month of 29 days. Elul usually occurs in August–September on the Gregorian calendar.

The name of the month, like the names of the rest of the Hebrew calendar months, was brought from the Babylonian Exile, and has originated from the Akkadian word for "Harvest". A similar month name was also used in Akkadian, in the form elūlu

In the Jewish trandition, the month of Elul is a time of repentance in preparation for the High Holy Days of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. The word “Elul” is similar to the root of the verb “search” in Aramaic. The Talmud writes that the Hebrew word "Elul" can be expanded as an acronym for "Ani L'dodi V'dodi Li" - "I am to my Beloved and my Beloved is to me." Elul is seen as a time to search one's heart and draw close to God in preparation for the coming Day of Judgement, Rosh Hashanah, and Day of Atonement, Yom Kippur.

During the month of Elul, there are a number of special rituals leading up to the High Holy Days. It is customary to blow the shofar every morning (except on Shabbat) from Rosh Hodesh Elul (the first day of the month) until the day before Rosh Hashanah. The blasts are meant to awaken one's spirits and inspire him to begin the soul searching which will prepare him for the High Holy Days. As part of this preparation, Elul is the time to begin the sometimes-difficult process of granting and asking for forgiveness. It is also customary to recite Psalm 27 every day from Rosh Hodesh Elul through Hoshanah Rabbah on Sukkot (in Tishrei).

Aside from the blowing of the shofar, the other major ritual practice during Elul is to recite selichot (special penitential prayers) either every morning before sunrise during the week before the last Wednesday before Rosh Hashanah (Ashkenazi tradition) or every morning during the entire month of Elul (Sephardi tradition). Ashkenazi Jews begin the recitation of selichot with a special service between solar mid-night (not 12:00) and morning light on the first day of Selichot.

Many Jews also visit the graves of loved ones throughout the month in order to remember and honor those people in our past who inspire us to live more fully in the future.

Another social custom is to begin or end all letters written during the month of Elul with wishes that the recipient have a good year. The standard blessing is "K'tiva V'Hatima Tova" ("a good writing and sealing [of judgement]"), meaning that the person should be written and sealed in the Book of Life for a good year. Tradition teaches that on Rosh Hashanah, each person is written down for a good or a poor year, based on their actions in the previous one, and their sincere efforts at atoning for mistakes or harm. On Yom Kippur, that fate is "sealed."

Elul in Jewish history

1 Elul - Moses ascends Sinai for 3rd 40 days (1313 BCE)
2 Elul - Shulchan Aruch published (1555)
3 Elul - Death of Rabbi A. I. Kook (1935)
8 Elul - Washington Responds to Newport Jews (1790)
10 Elul - Noah Dispatches Raven (2105 BCE)
12 Elul - Nachmanides Born (1294)
13 Elul - Death of Ben Ish Chai (1909)
17 Elul - Noah Dispatches Dove (2105 BCE)
18 Elul - Death of Maharal (1609)
18 Elul - Baal Shem Tov Born (1698)
18 Elul - Baal HaTanya Born (1745)
23 Elul - Dove brings Olive Leaf to Noah (2105 BCE)
24 Elul - Death of Chafetz Chaim (1933)
25 Elul - The 1st day of Creation (3761 BCE)
25 Elul - Jerusalem Walls Rebuilt (335 BCE)
25 Elul - Death of Rabbi Elazar son of Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai (2nd century CE)
27 Elul - Death of Belzer Rebbe (1855)
29 Elul - Tzemach Tzedek Born (1789)

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

Other uses

• Eylül is also the name for September in Turkish; this is derived from the Arabic form Arabic: أيلول‎ 'Aylūl, used in the Levant (see Arabic names of calendar months). It was also used in Akkadian, in the form elūlu.
• In the story of Xenogears, Elul is the name of a country, named after the Hebrew month. In the official English translation, however, it was transliterated Elru.

External links

• Resources on the Month of Elul
• The month of Elul
• An indepth discussion of the tradition of hearing shofar on Elul, plus meditations on the sound of shofar for each day of the month, can be found at The Shofar of Elul