Epithelioid cell: Information from Answers.com

Epithelioid histiocytes (Epithelioid cells) are activated macrophages resembling epithelial cells:^[1] elongated, with finely granular, pale eosinophilic (pink) cytoplasm and central, ovoid nucleus(oval or elongate), which is less dense than that of a lymphocyte. They have indistinct shape contour, often appear to merge into one another and form aggregates.

1 Clinical significance
2 See also
3 References
4 External links

Clinical significance

The presence of epithelioid histiocytes may characterise some pathologic conditions, mainly granulomatous inflammation, including Orofacial granulomatosis^[2]. The excessive proliferation of them on skin causes reticulohistiocytoma and somewhat it is associated with arthritis.

References

^ "Dorlands Medical Dictionary:epithelioid cell". http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/two/000018652.htm.
^ Bogenrieder T, Rogler G, Vogt T, Landthaler M, Stolz W (2003). "Orofacial granulomatosis as the initial presentation of Crohn's disease in an adolescent". Dermatology (Basel) 206 (3): 273–8. doi:10.1159/000068900. PMID 12673090.

External links

MeSH Epithelioid+cells

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Blood (WBC and RBC)

Cellular/
HSCs

Lymphoid/
CFU-L

B cells

Plasma · Memory · Follicular · Marginal-zone · Naive · Pre-B

Thymocyte

T cells	αβ (Cytotoxic CD8⁺, Helper CD4⁺/Regulatory) · γδ

NK cells	Lymphokine-activated killer cell

Both	Natural Killer T cell

Other

Null cell

Myeloid/
Myeloblast
CFU-GEMM

CFU-GM

CFU-G:
Granulocytes

Band cell · Neutrophil

CFU-M:
Monocytes

Macrophages	Histiocytes · Kupffer cells · Alveolar macrophage · Microglia · Osteoclasts · Epithelioid cells · giant cells (Langhans giant cells, Foreign-body giant cell, Touton giant cells)

CFU-DL	Dendritic cells (Langerhans cells, Follicular dendritic cells)

Common

Myelomonocyte

CFU-Baso

Granulocytes (Basophil)

CFU-Eos

Granulocytes (Eosinophil)

MEP

CFU-Meg	Megakaryoblast · Megakaryocyte · Platelets

CFU-E	Reticulocyte · Normoblast

Noncellular

Plasma derived mediators	Bradykinin · complement (C3, C5a, MAC) · coagulation (Factor XII, Plasmin, Thrombin)

Cell derived mediators	preformed: Lysosome granules · vasoactive amines (Histamine, Serotonin) synthesized on demand: cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1) · eicosanoids (Leukotriene B4, Prostaglandins) · Nitric oxide · Kinins

Chronic

Macrophage · Epithelioid cell · Giant cell · Granuloma

Processes

Traditional: Rubor · Calor · Tumor · Dolor (pain) · Functio laesa
Modern: Acute-phase reaction/Fever · Vasodilation · Increased vascular permeability · Exudate · Leukocyte extravasation · Chemotaxis

Specific types

Nervous	CNS (Encephalitis, Myelitis) · Meningitis (Arachnoiditis) · PNS (Neuritis) · eye (Dacryoadenitis, Scleritis, Keratitis, Choroiditis, Retinitis, Chorioretinitis, Blepharitis, Conjunctivitis, Iritis, Uveitis) · ear (Otitis, Labyrinthitis, Mastoiditis)

Cardiovascular	Carditis (Endocarditis, Myocarditis, Pericarditis) · Vasculitis (Arteritis, Phlebitis, Capillaritis)

Respiratory	upper (Sinusitis, Rhinitis, Pharyngitis, Laryngitis) · lower (Tracheitis, Bronchitis, Bronchiolitis, Pneumonitis, Pleuritis) · Mediastinitis

Digestive	mouth (Stomatitis, Gingivitis, Gingivostomatitis, Glossitis, Tonsillitis, Sialadenitis/Parotitis, Cheilitis, Pulpitis, Gnathitis) · tract (Esophagitis, Gastritis, Gastroenteritis, Enteritis, Colitis, Enterocolitis, Duodenitis, Ileitis, Caecitis, Appendicitis, Proctitis) · accessory (Hepatitis, Cholangitis, Cholecystitis, Pancreatitis) · Peritonitis

Integumentary	Dermatitis (Folliculitis) · Hidradenitis

Musculoskeletal	Arthritis · Dermatomyositis · soft tissue (Myositis, Synovitis/Tenosynovitis, Bursitis, Enthesitis, Fasciitis, Capsulitis, Epicondylitis, Tendinitis, Panniculitis) Osteochondritis: Osteitis (Spondylitis, Periostitis) · Chondritis

Urinary	Nephritis (Glomerulonephritis, Pyelonephritis) · Ureteritis · Cystitis · Urethritis

Reproductive	female: Oophoritis · Salpingitis · Endometritis · Parametritis · Cervicitis · Vaginitis · Vulvitis · Mastitis male: Orchitis · Epididymitis · Prostatitis · Balanitis · Balanoposthitis pregnancy/newborn: Chorioamnionitis · Omphalitis

Endocrine	Insulitis · Hypophysitis · Thyroiditis · Parathyroiditis · Adrenalitis

Lymphatic	Lymphangitis · Lymphadenitis

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Epithelioid cell

Contents

Clinical significance

See also

References

External links