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Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award

 
Wikipedia: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award
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The Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award was established in 1959 in honor of a scientist who helped elevate American physics to world leadership.

E. O. Lawrence was the inventor of the cyclotron, an accelerator of subatomic particles, and a 1939 Nobel Laureate in physics for that achievement. The Radiation Laboratory he developed at Berkeley during the 1930s ushered in the era of “big science,” in which experiments were no longer done by an individual researcher and a few assistants on the table-top of an academic lab but by large, multidisciplinary teams of scientists and engineers in entire buildings full of sophisticated equipment and huge scientific machines. During World War II, Lawrence and his accelerators contributed to the Manhattan Project, and he later played a leading role in establishing the U.S. system of national laboratories, two of which (Lawrence Berkeley and Lawrence Livermore) now bear his name.

Shortly after Lawrence's death in August 1958, John A. McCone, Chairman of the United States Atomic Energy Commission, wrote to President Eisenhower suggesting the establishment of a memorial award in Lawrence's name. President Eisenhower agreed, saying, "Such an award would seem to me to be most fitting, both as a recognition of what he has given to our country and to mankind, and as a means of helping to carry forward his work through inspiring others to dedicate their lives and talents to scientific effort." The first Lawrence Awards were given in 1960.

The Ernest Orlando Lawrence Awards honor scientists and engineers, at mid-career, showing promise for the future, for exceptional contributions in research and development supporting the Department of Energy and its mission to advance the national, economic and energy security of the United States.

Each Lawrence Award recipient receives a citation signed by the Secretary of Energy, a gold medal bearing the likeness of Ernest Orlando Lawrence, and a $50,000 honorarium.

Contents

Nomination and Selection Procedures

The Ernest Orlando Lawrence Awards honor scientists and engineers, at mid-career, showing promise for the future, for exceptional contributions in research and development supporting the U.S. Department of Energy and its mission to advance the national, economic and energy security of the United States.

Currently awards are given in even-numbered years. One Lawrence Award is given in each of the following seven fields:

The objectives of the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Awards are:

  • to inspire people of all ages through the examples of Ernest 0rlando Lawrence and the Lawrence Award laureates; and
  • to highlight for the general public the accomplishments of the U.S. scientific community.

Criteria

  • Recipients must be in their mid-careers (defined as within 20 years of receiving a Ph.D. or M.D.).
  • The award is given for a relatively recent achievement (rather than for a lifetime of achievements).
  • Recipients must be citizens of the United States.
  • Nominations will be judged primarily on the scientific and technical significance of the work to its field (rather than for leadership ability).

Nomination Materials

Nomination is made by a letter of justification, curriculum vitae, and a bibliography of significant publications.

Nominations must indicate clearly the field for which the person is being nominated (Chemistry, Environmental Science and Technology, Life Sciences, Materials Research, National Security, Nuclear Technology, Physics).

A few letters supporting the nomination from individuals who are familiar with the work are helpful.

Selection

Approximately 4000 research organizations and individuals are invited to nominate candidates for the Lawrence Awards. The recipients are chosen in a multi-step review process. For each award category, a screening panel of esteemed scientists and engineers representing National Laboratories, universities, and private-sector research organizations reviews the nominations and makes recommendations to the Interagency Awards Committee. The Committee, composed of senior science executives from major Federal research organizations, reviews the screening panel’s recommendations and, in turn, makes recommendations to the Secretary of Energy through the Director, Office of Science. The Secretary of Energy gives the award on behalf of the Department of Energy.

Award Laureates

1960

1961

1962

1963

1964

  • Jacob Bigeleisen
  • Albert L. Latter
  • Harvey M. Pratt
  • Marshall N. Rosenbuth
  • Theos J. Thompson

1965

1966

  • Harold M. Agnew
  • Ernest C. Anderson
  • Murray Gell-Mann
  • John R. Huizenga
  • Paul R. Vanstrum

1967

  • Mortimer M. Elkind
  • John M. Googin
  • Allen F. Henry
  • John O. Rasmussen
  • Robert N. Thorn

1968

  • James R. Arnold
  • E. Richard Cohen
  • Val L. Fitch
  • Richard Latter
  • John B. Storer

1969

  • Geoffrey F. Chew
  • Don T. Cromer
  • Ely M. Gelbard
  • F. Newton Hayes
  • John H. Nuckolls

1970

  • William J. Bair
  • James W. Cobble
  • Joseph M. Hendrie
  • Michael M. May
  • Andrew M. Sessler

1971

  • Thomas B. Cook
  • Robert L. Fleischer
  • Robert L. Hellens
  • P. Buford Price
  • Robert M. Walker

1972

  • Charles C. Cremer
  • Sidney D. Drell
  • Marvin Goldman
  • David A. Shirley
  • Paul F. Zweifel

1973

  • Louis Baker
  • Seymour Sack
  • Thomas E. Wainwright
  • James Robert Weir
  • Sheldon Wolff

1974

  • Joseph Cerny
  • Harold Paul Fourth
  • Henry C. Honeck
  • Charles A. McDonald
  • Chester R.Richmond

1975

  • Evan H. Appelman
  • Charles E. Elderkin
  • William A. Lokke
  • Burton Richter
  • Samuel C. Ting

1976

  • A. Philip Bray
  • James W. Cronin
  • Kaye D. Lathrop
  • Adolphus L. Lotts
  • Edwin D. McClanahan

1977

1980

  • Donald W. Barr
  • B. Grant Logan
  • Nicholas P. Samios
  • Benno P. Schoenborn
  • Charles D. Scott

1981

  • Martin Blume
  • Yuan Tseh Lee
  • Fred R. Mynatt
  • Paul B. Selby
  • Lowell L. Wood

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

  • James W. Gordon
  • Miklos Gyulassy
  • Sung-Hou Kim
  • James L. Kinsey
  • J. Robert Merriman
  • David E. Moncton

1988

  • Mary K. Gaillard
  • Richard T. Lahey, Jr.
  • Chain Tsuan Liu
  • Gene H. McCall
  • Alexander Pines
  • Joseph S. Wall

1990

  • John J. Dorning
  • James R. Norris
  • S. Thomas Picraux
  • Wayne J. Shotts
  • Maury Tigner
  • F. Ward Whicker

1991

1993

1994

  • John D. Boice, Jr.
  • E. Michael Campbell
  • Gregory J. Kubas
  • Edward William Larsen
  • John D. Lindl
  • Gerard M. Ludtka
  • George F. Smoot
  • John E. Till

1996

1998

2002

2004

2006[1]

  • Paul Alivisatos and Moungi Bawendi, Materials Research
  • Malcolm J. Andrews, National Security
  • Arup K. Chakraborty, Life Sciences
  • My Hang V. Huynh, Chemistry
  • Marc Kamionkowski, Physics
  • John Zachara, Environmental Science and Technology
  • Steven Zinkle, Nuclear Technology

External links


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