Turmeric powder, used extensively in Indian cuisine, finds an important market centre in Erode District

Erode District (Tamil: ஈரோடு மாவட்டம்) is a northern district of the state of Tamil Nadu, India, with Erode as its headquarters.

Until the year 1996, Erode district was named as Periyar District. Erode District was a part of Coimbatore District until Coimbatore was bifurcated on August 31, 1979. It is also the home of social reformer Periyar (E.V. Ramasamy) and mathematician Ramanujan.

Erode district had a population of 2,581,500 as of 2001. It is 46.25% urbanised as per Census 2001.^[1] The district has a literacy rate of 75.51% and is on the rise.

Geography

Typical streetlife in Erode, capital of Erode district.

The district is bounded by Karnataka to the north, and by Kaveri River to the east. Across the Kaveri lies Salem, Namakkal and Karur districts. Dindigul District lies immediately to the south, and Coimbatore and the Nilgiris district lies to the west. Erode District is landlocked and is situated at between 10 36” and 11 58” north latitude and between 76 49” and 77 58” east longitude.

The district comprises a long undulating plain, sloping gently towards the Kaveri river in the south-east. Three major tributaries of river Kaveri, the Bhavani, Noyyal and Amaravati, drain the long stretch of mountains in the north. Other significant rivers are Palar in the north and Vatamalaikarai odai and Uppar rivers in the south. The Palar constitutes the boundary between Erode district and Karnataka in the north. The Bhavanisagar main canal along with these rivers provide proper drainage and facilities for assured irrigation in the district.

Bhavani River

Main article: Bhavani River

Bhavani rises in the Western Ghats of Silent Valley National Park in Palakkad District of Kerala. It receives the Siruvani River which has the second tastiest water in the world, a perennial stream of Coimbatore District, and gets reinforced by the Kundah river before entering Erode District in Sathyamangalam. Bhavani is more or less a perennial river fed mostly by the southwest monsoon. The northeast monsoon also supplements its water resources. This river runs for over hundred miles through Erode District, traversing Bhavani and Gobichettipalayam taluks. It feeds the Bhavanisagar reservoir, which takes an easterly course after Sathyamangalam taluk. Between Sathyamangalam and Gobichettipaalayam lies the Kodivery Dam, a mini dam constructed for agricultural purposes. Then it flows through Gobichettipalayam and Bhavani taluks before it ultimately joins Kaveri on the border of the Salem District. The place where Bhavani joins with Kaveri River is famous for Sangameshwara Temple of Lord Shiva, where according to the Hindu customs people perform the last rights for deceased near and dears.

Kaveri River

Main article: Kaveri River

Kaveri river in Erode district

Kaveri rises in the Western Ghats of Kodagu (Coorg) District, in Karnataka, and is joined by many small tributaries. It runs eastward through Karnataka, and at Hogenakal fall takes a sharp turn, east to south. Before reaching this point, it is joined by its main tributary, the Kabini River. From here it runs towards the southeast, forming the boundary between Bhavani Taluk of Erode District and Tiruchengode Taluk of the neighbouring Namakkal District. The Bhavani River joins the Kaveri at the town of Bhavani.

Noyyal River

Main article: Noyyal River

Noyyal river is noted for its capricious nature. This is fed mostly by the southwest monsoon but the northeast monsoon brings freshes, and this very often results in floods. In spite of its unpredictable character, the river helps to irrigate considerable areas in Palladam taluk of Coimbatore District and Kangeyam taluk of Erode District.But due to the chemical waste came from tirupur dying factories this river water cannot used for the agriculture.

Amaravati River

Main article: Amaravati River

Amaravati river rises in the Travancore region of Kerala, and enters Erode District from Udumalaippettai taluk in Coimbatore District. The river flows through Dharapuram and Kangeyam taluk before it joins Kaveri in Karur District.

Climate

The climate is dry and characterised by scanty rainfall. The maximum rainfall is recorded in sullithottam and Bhavani taluks. Unlike nearby Coimbatore district, Erode District has dry weather throughout the year except during the monsoons. The Palghat Gap in Western Ghats, which has a moderating effect on the climate of Coimbatore district, does not help in bringing down the dry climate in this area. The cool moist wind that gushes out of the west coast through Palghat gap loses its coolness and becomes dry by the time it crosses Coimbatore district and reaches Erode.

Generally the first two months of the year are pleasant, but in March the temperature begins to rise, which persists till the end of May. The highest temperatures are normally recorded during May. The scanty showers during this period do not provide much relief from the oppressive heat. However there is a slight improvement in the climate during the June-August period. During the pre-monsoon period, the temperature reverses its trend. By September the sky gets heavily overcast, although the rains are meagre. The northeast monsoon sets in vigorously only during October-November, and by December the rains disappear, rendering the climate clear but pleasant.

Administration

Erode District consists of 5 Taluks

Erode is one of the ten Municipal corporations in Tamil Nadu.

Erode District consists of 3 Municipalities

Erode District consists of 3 Parliamentary Constituencies

Erode District consists of 8 Assembly Constituencies

Economy

Fabrics, like rugs, made in Erode are famous in India.

Erode District is an important market centre for Turmeric, a spice commonly used in curries. Turmeric is also used as a fabric dye. This turmeric is collected from Erode District and from adjoining districts of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, including Mysore. Other specialities include Uthukuli butter and Kangayam bulls.

Erode is well known for handloom, powerloom textile products and readymade garments and hence called the powerloom city of India. Products such as cotton sarees, bed spreads, carpets, lungies, printed fabrics, towels, dhotis are marketed here. In mid-2005, Bhavani Jamakkalam (Bhavani Bedsheets) was registered as a Geographical Indication by the Government of India.

Sivagiri is famous for its Handloom and Powerloom Textile production of Bedsheets and other clothes ad export them through Karur market.

Chennimalai also produces more textiles.

Agriculture

Agriculture is the most important income source of this district. Paddy, Banana, Groundnut, Cotton and Sugarcane are some of the agricultural products. In Sathyamangalam Taluk, Flowriculture is an important source of income. With 43% share, the district is the top turmeric producer in Tamil Nadu.[1]. Erode is also known as "The Turmeric City".

Bhavani,Sivagiri and surrounding areas like Kodumudi, Arachalur, Elumathur, Unjalur and Thandampalayam are Agriculturally well developed areas.

Transportation

Erode railway junction.

The transportation system in the district is already well developed. Erode, being one of the prominent trading centres in the state, is well connected with all modern means of transport except air transport. The district is accessible by both road and rail from the state capital Chennai and other district headquarters.

Rail Transport: Erode is an important railway junction with lines coming from the west coast and the district has thirteen railway stations including,

Chennimalai Panchayat Union (3)
Modakurichi Panchayat Union (3)
Kodumudi Panchayat Union (6)

Road Transport: Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation is headquartered at Erode. A number of inter-district bus routes operated by the Corporation link Erode with other prominent places in and out of the district.
Nearest Airport: Coimbatore airport at Coimbatore, which is 75 kilo meters (52 miles) by road
Other modes: Navigable waterways are available at five places in the district.

Communication

The district is also served by an extensive Postal, Telegraph and Telephone networks. It is connected to the rest of the state by subscriber trunk dialing system (STD). The telephone network within the city is also expanding rapidly.

Postal Divisions : 4 (Erode, Tiruppur, Pollachi and Dharapuram)
Head Post offices : 4

HSGT Category : 2 (Erode and Bhavani)
HSG II Category : 2 (Gobichettipalayam and Dharapuram)

Other Post offices : 319 (including extra departmental sub-post offices and telegraph offices)
Post and Telegraph offices : 144
Post offices with phone facilities : 144

Education

Erode has several facilities for higher education including a Medical College, nine Engineering colleges along with 18 Arts and Science Colleges.

Engineering Colleges

Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam
Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai.
K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology
M.P. Nachimuthu M. Jaganathan Engineering college^[2]
Institute of Road and Transport Technology (IRTT).
Velalar College of Engineering and Technology
Andavar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Gobichettipalayam
Shree Venkateshwara Hi-Tech Engineering College, Gobichettipalayam
Nandha Engineering college
SSM Engineering college
Sasurie College of Engineering
Erode Sengunthar Engineering college
Nandha College of Technology
Maharaja Engineering College for women
Surya Engineering College
J.K.K.Munirajah Engineering College

Polytechnic Colleges

• Sakthi Institute of Technology, (SIT) Sakthi Nagar -635162 • Kongu Polytechnic College Perundurai 638052 . Nanda Polytechnic college

Medical Colleges

Perundurai Medical College

Pharmacy Colleges

Erode College of Pharmacy, Erode
Coimbatore College of Pharmacy
K.M.R College of Pharmacy
Nanda College of Pharmacy
Shoba College of Pharmacy

Arts and Science

Adharsh Vidhyalaya Arts & Science College
Bharathithasan College of Arts and Science
Bishop Arts and Science College, Dharapuram
Cheran's Arts and Science College
Chikkaiah Naicker College
Erode Arts College^[3]
Erode Arts College for Women
Gobi Arts and Science College Gobichettipalayam
Kamadenu Arts and Science College, Sathyamangalam
Karuppannan Mariappan College
cc* K.S.R College of Arts & Science
Maharaja College for Women
Maharani Arts and Science College for Women, Dharapuram
Nandha Arts and Science College
Navarasam arts and science college for Women
P.K.R Arts and Science colloge for Women, Gobichettipalayam
Saradha Arts & Science college, Gobichettipalayam
Sree Amman arts and science college
Sri Vasavi College^[4]
Vellalar College of Ats and Science for Women^[5]
Vellakoil Arts and Science College Vellakoil
Karthik Arts College
Bishop thorp college
Kongu Arts and Science college

Schools

தாய் தமிழ் துவக்கபள்ளி சத்தியமங்கலம்

Punchayath Union Middle School,Perundurai-638052
Rajendhran Matric Higher secondary School, Vadugapatti
The Indian Public School, Erode
Kongu National Matriculation School, Nanjanapuram, Erode.
Geethaanjali All India Secondary School, Thindal, Erode
Ammaniammal Educational Trust (AET School), Perunduai road, Erode
Sengunthar Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Erode
Sengunthar Higher Secondary School, Erode
Government Higher Secondary School, Avalpoondurai
Government Higher Secondary School, Arachalur
Kongu vellalar Matriculation Higher secondary school, Perundurai
Sri Raja Rajeswari Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Kangeyam
Railway Colony Municipal Higher Secondary School, Erode
Adharsh Vidhyalaya Higher Secondary School, Anthiyur
Al-Ameen Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Karungalpalayam, Erode
Amala Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Gobi
Bharathi Kalvi Nilayam Hr. Sec. School, Nasiyanur, Erode Dist
Bharathi Vidya Bhavan Matric Hr. Sec. School, Thindal, Erode
Carmel Higher Secondary School, Erode
Christhu Jyothi Matric Higher Secondary School, Erode
Erode Hindu Kalvi Nilayam, Sathyamangalam Road, Erode
Good Shepard Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Anthiyur
Government Higher Secondary School for Girls, Sathyamangalam
Government Higher Secondary School, Vellode
Ideal Higher Secondary School, Anthiyur
Kalaimagal Kalvi Nilayam, Erode
Navarasam Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Palliyuthu, Erode
Palaniyammal Girls Higher Secondary School, Gobi
Jaycess Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Kangeyam.
Ponnu Matric Higher Secondary School, Dharapuram
SARU Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Sathyamangalam
Saratha Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Gobichettipalayam
Sri Raghavendra Institutions, Karattur, Sathyamangalam
Viswesraya Higher Secondary School, Anthiyur
Vivekananda Higher Secondary School, Anthiyur
Kongu Matriculation School, Solangapalyam
GLOBAL Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Kangayam
Komarappa Sengunthar Higher Secondary School, Chennimalai.
Government Higher Secondary School, Ganapathi palayam
VMCDVHSS Thayampalayam-638710
Government Boys Higher Secondary School, Sivagiri 638109.
Government Girls Higher Secondary School, Sivagiri 638109.
Government Higher Secondary School, Dhalavai Pettai.
Vellalar Matriculation and Higher secondary school, Thindal, Erode.
SSV (Sri Sankara Vidyasala) Higher secondary school, Kodumudi
Government Higher Secondary School, Karattuppalayam.
Government Higher Secondary School Mukasi Anumanpalli
K.K.P. Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Muthur
Shri Ganga Matriculation school, Ingur, Perundurai.
Shri Ganga Higher Secondary School, Ingur, Perundurai.
Vimala Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Chennimalai.
Government boys Higher Secondary School, Uthukuli 638751
Government Girls Higher Secondary School, Uthukuli 638751
Kongu Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Uthukuli 638751
Kamaraj Municipal Higher Secondary School, Erode.

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