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European Parliament election, 2009

 
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European Parliament election, 2009
All 736 seats to the European Parliament and 18 observers
4 June 2009 – 7 June 2009
First party Second party Third party
Leader Joseph Daul Martin Schulz Graham Watson
Party EPP PES ALDE
Leader since 9 January 2007 5 July 2004 13 July 2004
Leader's seat East France Germany South West England
Last election 277 seats, 34.1% 218 seats, 25.8% 106 seats, 12.7%
Seats won 265
8 observers		 183
5 observers		 84
Seat change -12 -35 -22
Swing +7 -40

Incumbent Majority Leader
Joseph Daul
EPP

Majority Leader-Elect
Joseph Daul
EPP
European Union

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Elections to the European Parliament were held in the 27 member states of the European Union (EU) between 4 and 7 June 2009.[1][2] A total of 736 Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) were elected to represent some 500 million[3] Europeans, making these the biggest trans-national elections in history. An additional 18 observers ("virtual MEPs") are pre-elected.

Contents

Overview

The majority of MEPs were elected on Sunday 7 June, but because of traditional polling days varying from country to country according to local custom, some countries held their elections in the three preceding days:

In seven EU member-states, other votes occurred alongside the elections to the European Parliament: a general election in Luxembourg; local government elections in Latvia,[6] part of the United Kingdom,[7] parts of Germany, Italy, Malta, and Ireland[8] (as well as two by-elections in Dublin South and Dublin Central); regional elections in Belgium; and a referendum on reforming the succession law in the Kingdom of Denmark that would give women the same rights through equal primogeniture.

This was the first European Parliament election that Bulgaria and Romania participated in at the same time as the other member states. When they joined the EU in 2007, they held elections for MEPs outside the normal electoral calendar.

Polls

Voter turnout for the European Parliament election 2009.

A poll sampling nineteen national polls predicted the following results: EPP 265 MEPs, PES 195 MEPs, ALDE 95 MEPs, GUE–NGL 40 MEPs, Greens-EFA 35 MEPs, UEN 35 MEPs. The remaining 70 MEPs were not predicted, but about 20 were expected to be gained by far-right or Libertas candidates. IND/DEM was predicted to fade away due to Libertas' expected success.[9]

A prediction by political scientists Simon Hix (London School of Economics), Michael Marsh (Trinity College Dublin) and Nick Vivyan (London School of Economics) foresaw little change in the distribution of seats, predicting 249 seats for the EPP, 209 for the PES, 87 for ALDE, 58 for UEN or the European Conservatives, 48 for GUE–NGL, 39 for Greens–EFA, 17 for IND/DEM (resulting in its dissolution) and 29 NI; Libertas was not expected to win any seats.[10][11] A later prediction saw 262 seats for the EPP, 194 for the PES, 85 for ALDE, 53 for UEN or the European Conservatives, 40 for GUE–NGL, 50 for Greens–EFA, 23 for IND/DEM (resulting in its dissolution) and 29 NI.[12]

Constitutional issues

Re-apportionment of seats

Further information: Apportionment in the European Parliament

At the previous election member states were granted a fixed allocation of seats for election as determined under the provisions of the Treaty of Nice (current allocation is in the 2007 column below). The admission of Bulgaria and Romania midway through the previous Parliament's term had increased the overall size of the assembly to 785, and under the terms of the Treaty of Nice it was mandated that the seat allocations be modified for this election, dropping 49 seats to keep the overall size of the Parliament down.

It had been the stated desire of the member-state governments to ratify the Treaty of Lisbon before the election so that its articles governing the European Parliament could enter force as of this election. However, this was blocked by the Irish rejection of the treaty in a referendum. Under Lisbon, there would be a somewhat different allocation of seats, with fewer seats eliminated, leading to a slightly different distribution totalling 751 MEPs. If the Lisbon Treaty is subsequently ratified, it is planned to give the additional seats to the "increasing" countries already before the next elections, bringing the number of MEPs to 754 for a transitional period until 2014.[13]

In order to have the additional MEPs ready at hand, 18 "phantom MEPs" will be elected at the election. These will get observer status in the European Parliament and full payment from the start, but only become full members after the Lisbon Treaty is ratified.[14] To make them full MEPs will require a decision by the European Council.[15]

Member state 2007 2009 Change
Germany 99 99 0
Czech Republic 24 22 -2
Slovakia 14 13 -1
France 78 72 -6
Greece 24 22 -2
Ireland 13 12 -1
Italy 78 72 -6
Hungary 24 22 -2
Lithuania 13 12 -1
United Kingdom† 78 72 -6
Portugal 24 22 -2
Latvia 9 8 -1
Spain 54 50 -4
Sweden 19 18 -1
Slovenia 7 7 0
Poland 54 50 -4
Austria 18 17 -1
Cyprus 6 6 0
Romania 35 33 -2
Bulgaria 18 17 -1
Estonia 6 6 0
Netherlands 27 25 -2
Finland 14 13 -1
Luxembourg 6 6 0
Belgium 24 22 -2
Denmark 14 13 -1
Malta 5 5 0
Total: 785 736 –49

† – Includes Gibraltar, but not any the other overseas territories or Crown dependencies.
Italicised countries are divided into sub-national constituencies.


Results

The national results as of 8 June 2009 are as follows. (based on predictions, to be confirmed)

Full MEPs

736 members with full voting rights (the groups used are the groups they had been associated with directly prior to the elections):

Political group
Country		 EPP PES[16] ALDE Greens-EFA EUL-NGL UEN ID Other
(incl. NI)		 MEPs Turnout Cite
Austria 6 (ÖVP) 4 (SPÖ) 2 (Grüne) 3 (Martin)
2 (FPÖ)		 17 45.97% [17][18]
[19]
Belgium 3 (CD&V)
1 (N-VA)
1 (CDH)
1 (CSP-EVP)		 3 (PS)
2 (SP.A)		 3 (OpenVLD)
2 (MR)		 1 (Green!)
2 (Ecolo)		 2 (VB)
1 (LDD)		 22 91% [20]
Bulgaria 5 (GERB)
1 (SDS/DSB)		 4 (BSP) 3 (DPS)
2 (NDSV)		 2 (Attack) 17 37.49% [21][22]
Cyprus 2 (DISY) 1 (EDEK) 2 (AKEL) 1 (DIKO) 6 58.88% [23][24]
Czech Republic 2 (KDU–ČSL) 7 (ČSSD) 4 (KSČM) 9 (ODS) 22 28.22% [25][26]
Denmark 1 (C) 4 (A) 3 (V) 2 (F) 1 (N) 2 (O) 13 59.5% [27]
Estonia 1 (IRL) 1 (SDE) 1 (RE)
2 (KE)		 1 (Tarand) 6 43.9% [28][29]

[30]
Finland 3 (Kok.)
1 (KD)		 2 (SDP) 3 (Kesk.)
1 (SFP)		 2 (Vihr.) 1 (PS) 13 40.3% [31]
France 24 (UMP)
3 (NC)
2 (LGM)		 14 (PS) 6 (MoDem) 14 (E-É) 5 (FG) 1 (Libertas) 3 (FN) 72 40.48% [32][33]
Germany 34 (CDU)
8 (CSU)		 23 (SPD) 12 (FDP) 14 (Grüne) 8 (Linke) 99 43.3% [34]
Greece 8 (ND) 8 (PASOK) 1 (Greens) 2 (KKE)
1 (SYRIZA)		 2 (LAOS) 22 52.63% [35]
Hungary 14 (Fidesz-MPP)
1 (MDF)		 4 (MSZP) 3 (Jobbik) 22 36.28% [36][37]
Ireland 4 (FG) 3 (Lab) 3 (FF)
1 (Harkin)		 1 (SP) 12 57.6% [38][39]
Italy 29 (PdL)
5 (UDC)
1 (SVP)		 7 (IdV) 9 (LN) 21 (PD) 72 65.05% [40][41]
Latvia 1 (JL) 1 (LPP/LC) 1 (PCTVL) 1 (TB/LNNK) 2 (SC)
2 (PS)		 8 52.57% [42][43]
Lithuania 4 (TS-LKD) 3 (LSDP) 1 (DP)
1 (LRLS)		 2 (TT) 1 (LLRA) 12 20.54% [44]
Luxembourg 3 (CSV) 1 (LSAP) 1 (DP) 1 (déi gréng) 6 91% [45]
Malta 2 (PN) 3 (PL) 5 78.8% [46][47]
Netherlands 5 (CDA) 3 (PvdA) 3 (VVD)
3 (D66)		 3 (GL) 2 (SP) 2 (CU-SGP) 4 (PVV) 25 36.9% [48]
Poland 25 (PO)
3 (PSL)		 7 (SLD-UP) 15 (PiS) 50 24.53% [49][50]
Portugal 8 (PSD)
2 (CDS)		 7 (PS) 2 (CDU)
3 (BE)		 22 36.77% [51]
Romania 10 (PD-L)
2 (UDMR)
1 (Băsescu)		 11 (PSD-PC) 5 (PNL) 1 (Tőkés) 3 (PRM) 33 27.67% [52]
Slovakia 2 (SDKÚ-DS)
2 (KDH)
2 (SMK)		 5 (Smer) 1 (SNS)
1 (LS-HZDS)		 13 19.63% [53][54]
Slovenia 2 (SDS)
1 (NSi)		 2 (SD) 1 (LDS)
1 (Zares)		 7 28.02% [55][56]
Spain 23 (PP) 21 (PSOE) 2 (CpE) 1 (EdP)
1 (ICV)		 1 (IU) 1 (UPyD) 50 46.0% [57][58]
Sweden 4 (M)
1 (KD)		 5 (S) 3 (FP)
1 (C)		 2 (MP) 1 (V) 1 (PP) 18 45.53% [59]
United Kingdom 13 (Lab) 11 (LD) 2 (GPEW)
2 (SNP)
1 (PC)		 1 (SF) 13 (UKIP) 26 (Con/UCUNF)
2 (BNP)
1 (DUP)		 72 34.48% [60][61]
Total 264 161 83 53 33 14 18 110 736 43.24% [62][63]
Political group EPP PES ALDE Greens-EFA EUL-NGL UEN ID Other
(incl. NI)		 MEPs Turnout Cite
Previous total
(unadjusted)		 288 (−24) 217 (−56) 100 (−17) 43 (+10) 41 (−8) 44 (−30) 22 (−4) 30 (+80) 785 (–49)
Previous total
(adjusted)		 244 (+20) 196 (−35) 88 (−5) 40 (+13) 38 (−5) 24 (−10) 21 (−3) 85 (+25) 736 (±0)

NB: "Adjusted" figures restate group numbers to proportionately reflect the reduction of the Parliament's size by 49, and to reflect the following political group movements announced prior to the election: DIKO (CY) from ALDE to Other; ODS (CZ) from EPP to Other; FF (IE) from UEN to ALDE; AN (IT) from UEN to EPP; PD (IT) from PES and ALDE to Other; PiS (PL) from UEN to Other; and Conservatives/UCUNF (UK) from EPP to Other.
Note:Postal votes missing from Slovenia. Complete results were supposed to be announced on 15 June

Role of the Treaty of Lisbon

It had initially been foreseen that the Treaty of Lisbon would have entered into force by the time of these elections, making them the first to be held under its provisions. However, primarily because of the failure of the referendum in Ireland, the framework established by the Treaty of Nice will be used again. Amongst other differences, the number of MEPs to be returned depends upon which rules are in effect: while 736 MEPs will be elected under the Nice rules, this number would have increased to 751 if the Lisbon Treaty were in force.

A further change that Lisbon would have brought was an increase to the powers of Parliament, including powers over the appointment of the President of the European Commission.[64] It had been suggested by some that political parties could run with candidates for the Commission President;[65] with leaders now linking the post to elections and that convention having being enshrined in the Constitution, further encouraging the possibility.[66]

In 2007, it emerged that current Commission President José Manuel Barroso would likely seek a second term,[67] which he confirmed on 19 July 2008,[68] and he received the backing of French President Nicolas Sarkozy.[69] In beginning to formalise the emerging party-political nature of the office, in early 2009 the centre-right People's Party backed Barroso as their candidate and the centre-left socialists opposed, however they did not put forward their own formal candidate.[70]

Observer MEPs

The following 18 parties are likely to receive seats for observers if the Lisbon treaty goes into force. They will become full MEPs when an additional protocol is ratified by all EU members. Note that this table already includes the grouping changes announced by the parties and reflected in the section below.

Country National Party Political Group Cite
Austria SPÖ PASD [19]
Austria BZÖ NI [19]
Bulgaria SK EPP [71]
France PS PASD [72]
France E-É Greens-EFA [72]
Italy UdC EPP [citation needed]
Latvia PS EPP [citation needed]
Malta PL PASD [citation needed]
Netherlands PVV or PvdD NI [73]
Poland PSL EPP [citation needed]
Slovenia SDS EPP [citation needed]
Spain PP EPP [74][75]
Spain PP EPP [74][75]
Spain PSOE PASD [74][75]
Spain UDC EPP [74][75]
Sweden S PASD [76]
Sweden PP Greens-EFA [76]
United Kingdom Con ECR [citation needed]

Campaigning

Main article: European political party
Logo used by the European institutions

Many of the national parties running in the election are affiliated to transnational pan-European political parties known as political parties at European level. Those pan-European parties are EPP, PES, ELDR, EFA, European Greens, AEN, PEL, EDP and EUD. The question of which was the first to campaign transnationally is the subject of some debate, with the European Greens stating that they were the first in 2004.[77] New parties that aspire to pan-European status during the 2009 elections include Newropeans, Europe United,[78] Europe – Democracy – Esperanto and Libertas Party Limited. The role for pan-European political parties has been expanded by changes enacted by the European Commission in 2007 under the direction of Margot Wallström.[67]

Four incumbent European Commissioners will run as candidates in the election: Viviane Reding (Luxembourg, information society & media, Christian Social People's Party/European People's Party), Louis Michel (Belgium, development & humanitarian aid, Reformist Movement/European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party), Danuta Hübner (Poland, regional policy, Civic Platform/EPP), Meglena Kuneva (Bulgaria, consumer protection and National Movement for Stability and Progress/ELDR).[79] Ján Figeľ (Slovakia, education, training & culture, Christian Democratic Movement/EPP) was tipped to but ultimately did not run. He is bound to become the new chairman of his party instead.[80]

Issue-based campaigns

These divide into EU-wide and nationally based campaigns, often by non-governmental organisations focussed on specific policy areas. They are designed to influence MEP candidates, those with a strong interest in the issue, and voters in general. Examples of nationally based campaigns include those of the Royal College of Nursing[81][82] and British Overseas NGOs for Development.[83][84]

Media coverage

An election poster encouraging turnout in London: "How should we help balance family and career?"

The European Parliament, National broadcasters, the EBU, with the cooperation of the Communication Commissioner, Margot Wallström, are jointly working to make the 2009 election more interesting to the public in order to increase the turnout. Previously, diverse news media in the European Union, and the fact that the election takes place over several days, have made it hard to attract viewers. The media consortium is hoping to focus the 2009 election more towards the EU level and the European Parliament itself, hoping to make the election more interesting and cosmetically appealing for television viewers.[85] Members of the European Parliament (MEP) also started initiatives in late 2007 to make the election more interesting to voters in a bid to increase turnout.[86]

From 1 April Parliament started putting up election posters, internet banners and billboards encouraging people to vote, with messages such as "How much should we tame financial markets?" in order to demonstrate the role of Parliament. The same 10 posters, designed by Berlin-based advertising company Scholz & Friends Group, were translated into all 23 languages and have been deployed across the whole of the EU. However, some posters are put up more in countries where the issues they present are of more significance and the most posters will be put up in those countries which had the lowest turnout in 2004. The end slogan is "Use your vote in the European Parliament Elections" with the date of the election in that country. The entire campaign costs 18 million euros, or 0.05 euros per eligible voter, with Germany, Spain and Italy donating some advertising space free of charge.[87]

Party changes

Traditionally, realignment between the different political groups and European political parties occurs in the runup to the election and in the time between the election and the first sitting of the European Parliament, when the political groups are constituted; the first sitting of the EP elected in 2009 is set for 14 July 2009.[88]

New rules regarding the minimum number of members needed for a political group will come into effect following the 2009 election. The PES and EPP–ED had initially proposed to raise the limit for groups in the EP from 20 MEPs and one fifth of member states to 30 MEPs and a quarter of member states, which would effectively close down UEN (only MEPs from six countries) and I/D (only 22 MEPs). All five smaller groups (UEN and I/D plus ALDE, Greens–EFA and GUE–NGL) protested against these proposed changes.[89] The proposal was voted down 15 to 14 in committee, and in an eventual compromise, new rules were approved in plenary on 9 July 2008 which require 25 MEPs from at least a quarter of the member states (i.e. seven member states).[90] Although UEN and I/D still fail to meet the basic requirements of the new rules, the adopted compromise also included a provision allowing the continued existence of a group which had fallen below the threshold, but only if it still had members from at least a fifth of the member states and only if it had been founded at least a year before dropping below the threshold; if there is "sufficient evidence" of the abuse of this provision, it need not be applied.[91]

Fate of AEN/UEN

The Union for Europe of the Nations (UEN) political group, today a rump body that can trace its ancestry back to its origins as a Gaullist ideological alignment, seems increasingly unlikely to be reconstituted following this election.[original research?] The associated Alliance for Europe of the Nations (AEN) party would potentially suffer a similar fate.[original research?] The desertion of key players for other alliances would likely lower both the UEN's membership to levels where it cannot exist for a lack of MEPs, and AEN's membership to levels where it cannot be funded for a lack of parties that reach the EU's electoral threshold.[original research?]

The largest single contributor of MEPs to the UEN group, the Italian National Alliance, merged with Silvio Berlusconi's Forza Italia party into The People of Freedom (PdL) on 29 March 2009.[92] PdL inherited FI's membership in the EPP; a single list of PdL candidates will be run in 2009 which would then take their seats in the EPP-ED (or a purely EPP) group, substantially reducing the potential MEPs that a UEN group could draw upon.[93] This move will come after a series of attempts by National Alliance to abandon more staunchly national-conservative and Eurosceptic parties and move towards the moderate European centre-right, including a previous application for EPP membership.

National Alliance shares the group presidency with Ireland's Fianna Fáil, a centrist party that joined the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party (ELDR) on 16 April 2009 with the intent of moving to the European Parliament's Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) group.[94] As a longtime proponent of European integration, FF had been even more openly uncomfortable about its European affiliation, with former leader Bertie Ahern often distancing his party from the right-wing positions of his groupmates and describing UEN as purely a "technical arrangement." Fianna Fáil very nearly joined ALDE during the group reshuffle after the 2004 European elections, and had also previously explored seeking membership in ELDR.[95][96] Current leader Brian Cowen announced that FF would join ELDR and ALDE after the election on 27 February 2009 and a resolution supporting such a move was passed by the party membership two days later.[97][98] FF's leader in the European Parliament, Brian Crowley, criticised this decision and stated that FF might lose its position and influence due to the change, as Crowley currently enjoys a number of privileges as UEN leader which he can use to further FF's policies, but which he would lose if FF were to move to ALDE instead.[99]

A third significant source of UEN's MEPs is Poland. Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland and League of Polish Families enjoy very little popular support and failed to stay in parliament in the Polish 2007 election,[100]

AEN/UEN is also under threat from a potential new group led by members of the European Democrats (see below), who are attempting to woo its remaining members away. Law and Justice of Poland has been reported to be ready to do just this.[101]

The looming disappearance of AEN/UEN also has had repercussions for Independence/Democracy, as it was also a suitor for those parties of UEN left groupless. Lega Nord and the Danish People's Party opted for this and launched the new Europe of Freedom and Democracy group with what was left of Ind/Dem after the election.[102] The ChristianUnion, formerly member of Ind/Dem left for the new European Conservatives and Reformists group.

Movement for European Reform

The Conservatives and Ulster Unionists of the United Kingdom, together with the Czech Civic Democrats might leave the European Democrats (effectively dissolving it through lack of members, as only one Italian will be left - and has not been reelected), which is currently allied to the European People's Party (EPP); instead, these parties will form a new parliamentary grouping based on the Movement for European Reform (MER).[103]

Although the Conservatives alone have the minimum required number of MEPs at 19, they would still need to join with parties or independents from six other countries to formally create a group. There has been speculation that Polish Law and Justice would join the proposed grouping, although it expressed its support for the continuance of the UEN,[104] it is reportedly keen to join MER.[101]

Another possible party is the Latvian TB/LNNK, also currently aligned with AEN. There are also numerous independents that might join the group. The most optimistic estimates suggest MER could become the third largest group in the Parliament.[105]

The Conservative Party reiterated its intention to leave the EPP in March 2009. The new group may be called "European Conservatives" or "European Conservatives and Reformists".[106][107]

The foundation of the European Conservatives was deemed unlikely to threaten the EPP's position as the largest grouping in the European Parliament,[108] with Hix, Marsh, and Vivyan predicting there being less than 1% probability of the EPP suffering such a reverse.[109]

Socialist Group in the European Parliament

The newly born Democratic Party in Italy is still discussing about the group its members will join in the European Parliament. The party was officially created in 2007 from the merger of the two biggest centre-left Italian parties, Democrats of the Left and The Daisy (La Margherita), whose members in the EP joined PES and ALDE respectively after the 2004 elections. Although pushing hard for a unification of all European progressive reformists, and therefore for a merger between PES and ALDE, it is likely that the two parliamentary groups will continue living as separate bodies, forcing the Italian Democratic Party to stay alone in the Parliament. In last general elections, it gained 33.7% of votes.

It was reported on 13 May 2009 that the Group of the PES in the European Parliament would likely choose a new name in order to accommodate the Democratic Party, with the most likely name being "Alliance of Socialists and Democrats for Europe".[110]

The Cypriot Democratic Party (DIKO), which had previously sat with ALDE but was not a member of any European political party, announced prior to the election that it would want to join the Socialist Group in the European Parliament, though this has yet to be approved by the PES.[111]

On 12 June 2009, it was officially confirmed that the group of the PES would be known as "Alliance of Socialists and Democrats for Europe" (ASDE) in the new parliament,[112][113] though this name was changed to "Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats" (PASD) when the group was officially founded on 23 June 2009[114].

Possible political groupings

Assuming all these changes were to occur, the make-up of the groupings would be as follows:

  • ALDE, Greens-EFA and EUL-NGL continue to exist.
  • ECR is constituted
  • PES becomes part of PASD.
  • EPP-ED becomes EPP again
  • I/D is replaced by EFD
  • UEN is disbanded.
Political group[115]
Country		 EPP PASD ALDE Greens-EFA ECR EUL-NGL EFD NI MEPs
Austria 6 (ÖVP) 4 (SPÖ) 2 (Grüne) 3 (Martin)
2 (FPÖ)		 17
Belgium 3 (CD&V)
1 (CDH)
1 (CSP-EVP)		 3 (PS)
2 (SP.A)		 3 (OpenVLD)
2 (MR)		 1 (Green!)
2 (Ecolo)
1 (N-VA)		 1 (LDD) 2 (VB) 22
Bulgaria 5 (GERB)
1 (SDS/DSB)		 4 (BSP) 3 (DPS)
2 (NDSV)		 2 (Attack) 17
Cyprus 2 (DISY) 1 (EDEK)
1 (DIKO)		 2 (AKEL) 6
Czech Republic 2 (KDU–ČSL) 7 (ČSSD) 9 (ODS) 4 (KSČM) 22
Denmark 1 (C) 4 (A) 3 (V) 2 (F) 1 (N) 2 (O) 13
Estonia 1 (IRL) 1 (SDE) 1 (RE)
2 (KE)		 1 (Tarand) 6
Finland 3 (Kok.)
1 (KD)		 2 (SDP) 3 (Kesk.)
1 (SFP)		 2 (Vihr.) 1 (PS) 13
France 29 (UMP) 14 (PS) 6 (MoDem) 14 (E-É) 5 (FG) 1 (Libertas) 3 (FN) 72
Germany 34 (CDU)
8 (CSU)		 23 (SPD) 12 (FDP) 14 (Grüne) 8 (Linke) 99
Greece 8 (ND) 8 (PASOK) 1 (Greens) 2 (KKE)
1 (SYRIZA)		 2 (LAOS) 22
Hungary 14 (Fidesz-MPP) 4 (MSZP) 1 (MDF) 3 (Jobbik) 22
Ireland 4 (FG) 3 (Lab) 3 (FF)
1 (Harkin)		 1 (SP) 12
Italy 29 (PdL)
5 (UDC)
1 (SVP)		 21 (PD) 7 (IdV) 9 (LN) 72
Latvia 2 (PS)
1 (JL)		 1 (TSP) 1 (LPP/LC) 1 (PCTVL) 1 (TB/LNKK) 1 (LSP) 8
Lithuania 4 (TS-LKD) 3 (LSDP) 1 (DP)
1 (LRLS)		 1 (LLRA) 2 (TT) 12
Luxembourg 3 (CSV) 1 (LSAP) 1 (DP) 1 (Déi Gréng) 6
Malta 2 (PN) 3 (PL) 5
Netherlands 5 (CDA) 3 (PvdA) 3 (VVD)
3 (D66)		 3 (GL) 1 (CU) 2 (SP) 1 (SGP) 4 (PVV) 25
Poland 25 (PO)
3 (PSL)		 6 (SLD)
1 (UP)		 15 (PiS) 50
Portugal 8 (PSD)
2 (CDS)		 7 (PS) 2 (CDU)
3 (BE)		 22
Romania 10 (PD-L)
3 (UDMR)
1 (Băsescu)		 11 (PSD-PC) 5 (PNL) 3 (PRM) 33
Slovakia 2 (SDKÚ-DS)
2 (KDH)
2 (SMK)		 5 (Smer) 1 (LS-HZDS) 1 (SNS) 13
Slovenia 2 (SDS)
1 (NSi)		 2 (SD) 1 (LDS)
1 (Zares)		 7
Spain 23 (PP) 21 (PSOE) 2 (CpE) 1 (EdP)
1 (ICV)		 1 (IU) 1 (UPyD) 50
Sweden 4 (M)
1 (KD)		 5 (S) 3 (FP)
1 (C)		 2 (MP)
1 (PP)		 1 (V) 18
United Kingdom 13 (Lab) 11 (LD) 2 (GPEW)
2 (SNP)
1 (PC)		 26 (Con/
UCUNF)		 1 (SF) 13 (UKIP) 2 (BNP)
1 (DUP)		 72
Total 265 184 84 55 55 35 30 28 736

Parliament President

There are rumours that the two largest groups in Parliament, the EPP-ED and PES, have already agreed to share the post of President of the European Parliament as they have done for all but two terms of Parliament. The first half of the term will be taken by Jerzy Buzek MEP of the EPP (who would be the first person from Eastern Europe to hold the post), who will then pass it over to Martin Schulz MEP, the current leader of PES.[116] However, on 26 March 2009, it was reported Italian PM Silvio Berlusconi wanted the EPP's candidate to instead be Mario Mauro MEP of his party rather than Buzek; bad blood between Berlusconi and Schulz might prevent the PES from consenting to such an arrangement.[117]

The previous term has seen a great amount of co-operation between the two groups following on from the 1999-2004 term which saw an EPP-ELDR alliance. Meanwhile, Graham Watson, the leader of ALDE, has stated he wishes to challenge this system of carving up the post, and has presented himself as a candidate. He has made a point of running a public campaign, to contrast against the closed-doors agreement of EPP-ED and PES, which he claims is the first such campaign to be run. Through this, he also states he hopes to open up a debate on the role of the President and make the figure more dynamic, to counter balance the growing power of the Presidency of the Council of the European Union.[118]

Eva-Britt Svensson got nominated from EUL-NGL[119]

References

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  1. ^ "European Parliament". Europarl.europa.eu. 2008-05-21. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?language=EN&type=IM-PRESS&reference=20080520IPR29479. Retrieved on 2009-06-08. 
  2. ^ UK Office Calendar[dead link]
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  4. ^ [1] 1500 votes on the Antilles
  5. ^ In the order of the time zones: Saint Pierre and Miquelon, French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin, French Polynesia
  6. ^ Delfi As. "Муниципальные выборы". Rus.delfi.lv. http://rus.delfi.lv/news/elections2009/municipal/. Retrieved on 2009-06-08. 
  7. ^ Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons, Westminster (2008-11-04). "House of Commons Hansard Debates from 4 November 2008 - Local Government Motion". Publications.parliament.uk. http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmhansrd/cm081104/debtext/81104-0008.htm#08110438000010. Retrieved on 2009-04-06. 
  8. ^ "News — Department of the Environment, Heritage & Local Government". Environ.ie. http://www.environ.ie/en/LocalGovernment/Voting/News/MainBody,19443,en.htm. Retrieved on 2009-04-06. 
  9. ^ Philippa Runner (2009-02-24). "EUobserver". EUobserver. http://euobserver.com/9/27664. Retrieved on 2009-04-06. 
  10. ^ Honor Mahony. "EUobserver". EUobserver. http://euobserver.com/9/27926/?rk=1. Retrieved on 2009-04-11. 
  11. ^ "Home". Predict09.eu. http://www.predict09.eu/default/en-us.aspx. Retrieved on 2009-04-11. 
  12. ^ "Home". Predict09.eu. 2009-06-04. http://www.predict09.eu/default/en-us.aspx. Retrieved on 2009-06-08. 
  13. ^ [2] EP Press Release 16/12/08
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  15. ^ Peter, Laurence (2009-05-25). "Europe | Europe may elect 'virtual MEPs'". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8066946.stm. Retrieved on 2009-05-29. 
  16. ^ Since 23 June 2009, PASD
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  18. ^ "Martin hängt FPÖ ab" (in (German)). Orf.at. http://orf.at/090607-39069/index.html. Retrieved on 2009-06-08. 
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  21. ^ "European election results 2009 for Bulgaria". Results of the 2009 European Elections. TNS opinion. http://www.elections2009-results.eu/en/bulgaria_en_txt.html. Retrieved on 2009-06-07. 
  22. ^ M3 Web - http://m3web.bg. "Bulgaria: Bulgaria with 38% Voter Turnout in 2009 European Elections - Exit Poll - Novinite.com - Sofia News Agency". Novinite.com. http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=104439. Retrieved on 2009-06-08. 
  23. ^ "European election results 2009 for Cyprus". Results of the 2009 European Elections. TNS opinion. http://www.elections2009-results.eu/en/cyprus_en_txt.html. Retrieved on 2009-06-07. 
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  27. ^ "Europavalg". Danmarks Radio. http://www.dr.dk/Nyheder/Temaer/2009/Europa/?v. Retrieved on 2009-06-07. 
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  29. ^ "Estonian National Electoral Committee: Results of the European Parliament Election, 2009". Vvk.ee. http://www.vvk.ee/ep09/. Retrieved on 2009-06-08. 
  30. ^ Hääletamis- ja valimistulemus (Estonian)
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  32. ^ "European election results 2009 for France". Results of the 2009 European Elections. http://www.20minutes.fr/article/330869/Elections-europeennes-Europeennes-Les-gagnants-les-perdants-dans-chaque-circonscription.php. Retrieved on 2009-06-07. 
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  46. ^ "European election results 2009 for Malta". Results of the 2009 European Elections. TNS opinion. http://www.elections2009-results.eu/en/malta_en_txt.html. Retrieved on 2009-06-07. 
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  52. ^ "European election results 2009 for Romania". Results of the 2009 European Elections. TNS opinion. http://www.elections2009-results.eu/en/romania_en_txt.html. Retrieved on 2009-06-07. 
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  56. ^ "Volitve v Evropski parlament 2009". Volitve.gov.si. http://volitve.gov.si/ep2009/udel_ve.html. Retrieved on 2009-06-08. 
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  59. ^ "European election results 2009 for Sweden". Valmyndigheten. http://www.val.se/val/ep2009/slutresultat/rike/. Retrieved on 2009-06-11. 
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  65. ^ Size shouldn't matter commentisfree.guardian.co.uk 10/01/07
  66. ^ Too much champagne, not enough leadership opendemocracy.net 10/07/03
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  69. ^ Honor Mahony. "Sarkozy backs Barroso for second go as EU commission president". EUobserver. http://euobserver.com/9/26475/?rk=1. Retrieved on 2009-04-06. 
  70. ^ EU Socialists disagree with early choice of commission chief, EU Observer
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  73. ^ "Extra EP-zetel naar PVV of PvdD" (in Dutch). http://www.bnr.nl/artikel/11755728/extra-ep-zetel-pvv-pvdd. 
  74. ^ a b c d "Spanish Royal Decree 482/2009, issuing election writs for the European Parliament" (in Spanish). Spanish Official Gazette. 2009-04-14. http://www.boe.es/aeboe/consultas/bases_datos/doc.php?coleccion=iberlex&id=2009/06164. Retrieved on 2009-06-10.  The decree establishes that any additional MEP seats created by the application of the Treaty of Lisbon before the next election are to be filled by appointing the individuals that would have won the new seats had the original election been held with the new number.
  75. ^ a b c d "El PP gana las elecciones europeas por 3,7 puntos" (in Spanish). Público. 2009-06-08. http://www.publico.es/230812/pp/gana/elecciones. Retrieved on 2009-06-11. 
  76. ^ a b "Pirate party's next goal - become weigher in national parliament" (in Swedish). Aftonbladet. 2009-06-08. http://www.aftonbladet.se/nyheter/euvalet/article5337619.ab. Retrieved on 2009-06-24. 
  77. ^ history of the European Green Party at europeangreens.org
  78. ^ "★ Europe United — Start — News". Europeunited.eu. http://europeunited.eu/modules/start/. Retrieved on 2009-05-05. 
  79. ^ "Kuneva to lead Liberal list in Bulgaria | EU — European Information on EU Elections 09". EurActiv.com. 2009-04-27. http://www.euractiv.com/en/eu-elections/kuneva-lead-liberal-list-bulgaria/article-181673. Retrieved on 2009-05-05. 
  80. ^ "Commissioners tipped to run in EU elections | EU — European Information on EU Elections 09". EurActiv.com. http://www.euractiv.com/en/eu-elections/commissioners-tipped-run-eu-elections/article-179169. Retrieved on 2009-04-06. 
  81. ^ "European elections 2009". RCN. http://www.rcn.org.uk/europeanelections2009. Retrieved on 2009-05-29. 
  82. ^ "Nursing UK and abroad". RCN. http://www.rcn.org.uk/nursing. Retrieved on 2009-05-29. 
  83. ^ "EU elections 2009 · Campaigning in Europe · BOND". Bond.org.uk. 2009-03-30. http://www.bond.org.uk/pages/eu-elections.html. Retrieved on 2009-05-29. 
  84. ^ "Campaigning in Europe · Europe · BOND". Bond.org.uk. http://www.bond.org.uk/pages/eu_campaigning.html. Retrieved on 2009-05-29. 
  85. ^ EU wants to dress up 2009 elections on TV, EUobserver.com Accessed 26 February 2007
  86. ^ "MEPs outline plans to boost EU parliament election turnout". theparliament.com. 2007-11-27. http://www.theparliament.com/EN/News/200711/e880c0b0-dd40-445f-9999-14d7fa81edb3.htm. Retrieved on 2009-04-06. 
  87. ^ FAQ's on Parliament's election campaign, Europarl-Website
  88. ^ "EU offered timetable for Barroso's successor | EU — European Information on EU Treaty & Institutions". EurActiv.com. 2009-03-20. http://www.euractiv.com/en/future-eu/eu-offered-timetable-barroso-successor/article-180444. Retrieved on 2009-04-06. 
  89. ^ Andrew Duff (2008-05-27). "European Parliament's political diversity at risk". EUobserver.com. http://euobserver.com/9/26216/?rk=1. Retrieved on 2009-04-06. 
  90. ^ Honor Mahony. "New rules to make it harder for MEPs to form political groups". EUobserver. http://euobserver.com/9/26468/?rk=1. Retrieved on 2009-04-06. 
  91. ^ European Parliament increases threshold to form a political group[dead link]
  92. ^ "Berlusconi creates rightist bloc". BBC News. 2009-03-28. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7967932.stm. Retrieved on 2009-04-06. 
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  94. ^ Taylor, Simon (2009-04-17). "Fianna Fáil joins Parliament's liberal grouping | Policies | EU governance | Parliament". European Voice. http://www.europeanvoice.com/article/2009/04/fianna-f%C3%A1il-joins-parliament%27s-liberal-grouping/64640.aspx. Retrieved on 2009-05-05. 
  95. ^ European Political Parties (Part II: the parties) [with Poll]: Alliance for the Europe of the Nations eurotrib.com 28/12/06
  96. ^ FF ‘may switch to the Liberals’—Eh, since when are FF liberals? irishelection.com 19/12/06
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  98. ^ "Red-carpet treatment as Cowen gets into bed with liberals". The Irish Times. 2009-03-20. http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/world/2009/0320/1224243123715.html. Retrieved on 2009-04-06. 
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  119. ^ GUE-NGL Press Release

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