exophthalmic goiter

A disease of the thyroid gland consisting of hyper-thyroidism, exophthalmos, and goiterous enlargement of the thyroid gland. A diffuse primary hyperplasia of the thyroid gland of obscure origin; may occur at any age. It produces nervousness, muscular weakness, heat intolerance, tremor, loss of weight, lid lag, and absence of winking and may lead to thyrotoxic heart disease and thyroid crisis.

Goiter, exophthalmic. (Zitelli/Davis, 2002)

Any of various forms of hyperthyroidism, such as Graves' disease, involving enlargement of the thyroid gland and protrusion of the eyeballs.

The noun has one meaning:

Meaning #1: exophthalmos occurring in association with goiter; hyperthyroidism with protrusion of the eyeballs
  Synonym: Graves' disease