Name for a note, or a Pitch class; see alsoPitch names. F is the fourth degree (subdominant) of the scale of C. In a musical text (usually in lower case, bold italic type), f stands for forte (loud); see Dynamics. As the sign that fixes pitch on the bass staff is a stylized F, the bass clef is sometimes called the ‘F clef’. Vivaldi's instrumental works may be listed by numbers prefixed with an F, indicating the thematic list by Fanna (1968).
