favism

(medicine) An acute hemolytic anemia, usually in persons of Mediterranean area descent, occurring when an individual with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency of erythrocytes eats the beans or inhales the pollen of Vicia faba.

Acute haemolytic anaemia induced in genetically susceptible people by eating broad beans, Vicia faba. The disease is due to deficiency of the enzyme glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the red blood cells, which are then vulnerable to the toxins, vicine and convicine, in the beans. The condition affects some 100 million people world-wide, and is commonest in people of Mediterranean and Middle-Eastern descent.

An acute hereditary condition in which the ingestion of certain species of beans, or the inhalation of the pollen of their flowers, causes fever, headache, abdominal pain, severe anemia, prostration, and coma.

The noun has one meaning:

Meaning #1: anemia resulting from eating fava beans; victims have an inherited blood abnormality and enzyme deficiency