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French Literature Companion:

Ferdinand Brunetière

Brunetière, Ferdinand (1849-1906). French critic, teacher at the École Normale Supérieure, director of the Revue des deux mondes from 1893, and author of Études critiques sur l'histoire de la littérature française (1880-1925). A dogmatist, he stressed the moral responsibility of literature, and fought the impressionism of France or Lemaître. Following Sainte-Beuve and Taine, influenced by Darwinism, he introduced genre and its evolution as a factor in the explanation of literature, along with biographical and social conditions (L'Évolution de la poésie lyrique en France au XIXe siècle, 1894). Committed to classicism, he censured contemporary literature, notably Baudelaire and (in Le Roman naturaliste, 1882) Zola. Despite his militancy against Dreyfus and late conversion to the Catholic faith, his Manuel d'histoire de la littérature française (1897) was a major influence on the literary canon of the Third Republic.

— Antoine Compagnon

 
 
Columbia Encyclopedia: Brunetière, Ferdinand
(fĕrdēnäN' brünətyĕr') , 1849–1906, French literary critic. An opponent of naturalism, he believed that literature should reflect a moral order. His vast learning is evident in the masterly Manuel de l'histoire de la littérature française (1897) and in the history of French literature from 1515, most of which was published (1904–17) posthumously from his notes.
 
 

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French Literature Companion. The New Oxford Companion to Literature in French. Copyright © 1995, 2005 by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.  Read more
Columbia Encyclopedia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright © 2003, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. www.cc.columbia.edu/cu/cup/  Read more

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