| Fernie | |||
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| Motto: "In montibus ad flumen" (Latin) "In the mountains by the river" |
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| Coordinates: 49°30′15″N 115°03′46″W / 49.50417°N 115.06278°W | |||
| Country |  Canada |
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| Province |  British Columbia |
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| Region | Elk Valley/East Kootenay | ||
| Regional District | Regional District of East Kootenay (RDEK) | ||
| Established | 1904 | ||
| Government | |||
| - City Mayor | Cindy Corrigan | ||
| - Governing body | Fernie City Council | ||
| - MP | Jim Abbott | ||
| - MLA | Bill Bennett | ||
| Area | |||
| - City | 16.05 km2 (6.20 sq mi) | ||
| Elevation | 1,010 m (3,314 ft) | ||
| Population (2006) | |||
| - City | 4,217 Ranked 777th |
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| - Density | 287.3/km2 (744.1/sq mi) | ||
| - Metro | 6,873 | ||
| Time zone | Mountain Standard (MST) (UTC-7) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | Mountain Daylight (MDT) (UTC-6) | ||
| Postal code span | V0B 1M(0–6) | ||
| Area code(s) | 250 | ||
| Website | City of Fernie | ||
Fernie is a city in the Elk Valley area of the East Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located on BC Highway 3 on the eastern approaches to the Crowsnest Pass through the Rocky Mountains. Founded in 1898 and incorporated as the City of Fernie in July 1904, the municipality has a year-round population of 4,217 [1] with an additional 1,873 outside city limits in communities under the jurisdiction of the Reginal District of East Kootenay. A substantial seasonal population swells the city during the winter months.
Fernie lies on the Elk River, along Canada's southernmost east-west transportation corridor through the Rockies that crosses the range via the Crowsnest Pass, 40 kilometres (25 mi) to the east. As the largest and oldest community in the immediate area, Fernie serves as something of a regional centre for the region, which is known as the Elk Valley.
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Geography
Fernie is the only city-class municipality in Canada that is fully encircled by the Rocky Mountains. It sits at the crook of a dogleg in a glacial valley where the Elk River is intersected by its tributaries Coal, Lizard Creek and Fairy Creeks.
To the north of the city lies Mount Fernie, Mount Klauer, Three Sisters and Mount Proctor. To the northeast is Mount Hosmer, to the is east Fernie Ridge, to the southeast is Castle Mountain and to the southwest are the various peaks of the Lizard Range. Fernie gives the name to the Jurassic age Fernie Formation. The Lizard Range is home to Fernie Alpine Resort, one of the largest ski resorts in Canada, and Island Lake Lodge, a resort. Summer in Fernie is generally far quieter than the winter months, though mountain biking, fly fishing and golf are increasingly important tourist draws.
Climate
| Weather data for Fernie | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14 (57) |
15.5 (60) |
19.4 (67) |
28.9 (84) |
33 (91) |
36.1 (97) |
35.6 (96) |
36 (97) |
33 (91) |
28 (82) |
18.3 (65) |
12.5 (55) |
|
| Average high °C (°F) | -2.1 (28) |
1.4 (35) |
6 (43) |
11.6 (53) |
16.6 (62) |
20.5 (69) |
24.5 (76) |
24.5 (76) |
18.8 (66) |
11.6 (53) |
2.5 (37) |
-1.8 (29) |
11.2 (52) |
| Average low °C (°F) | -11.4 (11) |
-8.9 (16) |
-5.1 (23) |
-1.4 (29) |
2.5 (37) |
6.2 (43) |
8 (46) |
7.3 (45) |
3.2 (38) |
-0.8 (31) |
-5.3 (22) |
-10.1 (14) |
-1.3 (30) |
| Record low °C (°F) | -39.4 (-39) |
-40 (-40) |
-32.8 (-27) |
-20 (-4) |
-11 (12) |
-2.2 (28) |
0 (32) |
-2 (28) |
-18.3 (-1) |
-24.4 (-12) |
-32.2 (-26) |
-41.7 (-43) |
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| Precipitation mm (inches) | 137.1 (5.4) |
103.1 (4.06) |
91.5 (3.6) |
78.6 (3.09) |
93.2 (3.67) |
98.7 (3.89) |
73.5 (2.89) |
59.1 (2.33) |
72.4 (2.85) |
101 (3.98) |
161.3 (6.35) |
147.9 (5.82) |
1,217.3 (47.93) |
| Source: Environment Canada[1] 2009-07-10 | |||||||||||||
Mining History
While the slopes of the mountains are presently the focus of economic activity, until comparatively recently residents of the area were more interested with the mountains' innards. The vast Crowsnest Coal Field lies just to east of the city, and Fernie owes its origins to nineteenth-century prospector William Fernie, who established the coal industry that continues to exist to this day. Acting on pioneer Michael Phillips twin discoveries of coal and the Crowsnest Pass a few years earlier, Fernie founded the Crows Nest Pass Coal Company in 1897 and established a temporary encampment near Coal Creek. The Canadian Pacific Railway arrived in the valley the following year, and a townsite emerged parallel to the railway line slightly north of the initial encampment, or "Old Town." Underground coal mines were dug 10 kilometres (6 mi) away from the townsite in the narrow Coal Creek valley and until 1960 a small satellite community known as Coal Creek stood adjacent to them. A variety of other mines were sunk into the coal fields in a fifty kilometer radius in the following two decades. No mining was ever carried out in Fernie proper; coking of Coal Creek coal was carried out at the townsite, but otherwise the town developed into an administrative and commercial centre for the burgeoning industry. Forestry played a smaller role in the local economy and a local brewery produced Fernie Beer from brewery creek (mountain spring water).
Like most single-industry towns, Fernie endured several boom-and-bust cycles throughout the twentieth century, generally tied to the global price of coal. The mines at Coal Creek closed permanently by 1960 and the focus of mining activity shifted to Michel and Natal about twenty-five kilometres (15 mi) upriver, which sat on a more productive portion of the Crowsnest Coal Field. Kaiser Resources opened immense open-pit mines there in the 1970s to meet new thermal coal contracts for the Asian industrial market, predominantly for use in blast furnaces. Fernie would remain an important residential base for mine labour, along with the new communities of Sparwood and Elkford that sprung up much closer to these new mines. Today, Fording Canadian Coal Trust operates all five open-pit mines, shipping out unit trains (often with more than 100 cars) along the Canadian Pacific Railway through Fernie to the Pacific Coast, where the coal is loaded onto freighters at Roberts Bank Superport in Delta.
Architectural Heritage
After a disastrous fire leveled much of the downtown core in 1904, the fledgling municipal government passed an ordinance requiring all buildings in the area to be built of 'fireproof' materials like brick and stone. Consequently, a new city centre rose from the ashes sporting brick buildings along broad avenues that would have looked more at home in a sedate and refined Victorian city rather than a rough-and-tumble frontier coal town. They were short-lived, however, as a second, larger inferno swept through the city on August 1, 1908. Whipped up by sudden winds, a nearby forest fire burnt its way into a lumber yard on the edge of the community and sparked a Dresden-style firestorm that melted brick and mortar and essentially erased the entire city in an afternoon. There were few casualties, however, and for a second time a stately brick downtown core rose from the ashes. Today, these historic buildings, most of which still stand, are a treasured and distinctive feature of the community.
Sports
| Club | League | Sport | Venue | Established | Championships |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fernie Ghostriders |
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Ice hockey | Fernie Memorial Arena |
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Local Media
Newspapers
- Fernie Free Press - Weekly Paper
- Kootenay News Advertiser - Weekly Paper
- The Valley - Weekly Paper
- Fernie Fix - Monthly Glossy Magazine
Radio Stations
- 99.1 FM - CJDR, Rock
- 92.7 FM - CFBZ, Country
- 97.7 FM - CBTN, CBC
Cable Television Stations
Schools and Colleges
Notable people
The following people were born in Fernie
- Alex Lifeson, guitarist of Rush
- Bill Lindsay, retired NHL, AHL, and DEL winger
- Dan Smith, AHL defenceman, for the Syracuse Crunch
- David LeNeveu, EBHL goaltender for the EC Red Bull Salzburg
- Emily Brydon, Canadian alpine skier
- Frank Hughes, retired NHL, and WHA player
- Jason Krog, NHL centre, for the Atlanta Thrashers
- Roman Podhora, Canadian actor
- Shane Churla, retired NHL, and WHL winger
See also
- Fernie Formation
- Coal Creek, British Columbia, The Ghost Town
- Coal Creek (British Columbia), The Creek
References
- ^ Environment Canada—Canadian Climate Normals 1971–2000, accessed 10 July 2009
External links
- City of Fernie
- Commercial Portal
- OurFernie a community co-op website
- Fernie Destination Marketing Organization
- 2006 Fernie census (Community Profile)
- Fernie, British Columbia at the Open Directory Project
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