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The Field of Mars or Marsovo Polye (Russian: Ма́рсово по́ле) is a large park named after the Mars - Roman god of war situated in the center of Saint-Petersburg, with an area of about 9 hectares. Bordering the Field of Mars to the north are the Marble (Mramorny) Palace, Suvorova Square and Betskoi’s and Saltykov’s houses. To the west are the Barraks of the Pavlovsky Regiment. The Moyka river forms the boundary to the south.
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History
The history of Field of Mars goes back to the first years of Saint-Petersburg. At that time it was called Big Meadow. Later there were organised solemnities in the honour of the victory in the Great Northern War and the Field was renamed Pleasure Field (Poteshnoe Pole). In the 40s of 18th century Pleasure Field for a short while turns into the place of promenade with paths, lawn and flowers. Its next name – Tsarina’s Meadow – appears after they built there Summer Palace for Empress Elizabeth by F.B. Rastrelli. But in the end of 18th century Tsarina’s Meadow became a military drilling ground where they erected monuments commemorating the victories of Russian Army and where parades and military studies took place regularly.
In 1799 in the center of the Field was placed Rumyantsev obelisk and in 1801 in the south part was placed the monument of A. Suvorov by M. Kozlovsky. A great military leader was represented as Mars (Roman god of war). In 1805 Tsarina’s Meadow was officially renamed to Field of Mars. After the suggestion of Carlo Rossi the monument of A. Suvorov was moved to Suvorova Square. After the February Revolution in 1917 the Field of Mars finally lost its significance as a military drilling ground and became a memorial. In summer 1942 the Field of Mars was completely covered with vegetable gardens to supply the beseiged Leningrad.
Buried people
After February Revolution
On the 23rd of May 1917 the participants of February Revolution were buried there. 184 of 1382 citizens who were killed during the Revolution were buried in the common grave. In 1917-1919 a monument “To Fighters of Revolution” (architect – L. Rudnev) was erected above the graves. In 1918 the square was renamed to “The Place of the Victims of Revolution” but in 1944 it was renamed back.
Historical burial places
- Avrov D.N. (1890-1922), revolutioner
- Volodarsky V. (1891-1918), revolutioner
- Voskov S.P. (1888-1920), revolutioner
- Gaza I.I. (1894-1933), military commander
- Grigor’ev N.S. (1890-1919), Bolshevik
- Eremeev K.S. (1874-1931), revolutioner, military commander
- Kotlyakov I.E.. (1885-1929), Bolshevik
- Kupshe A.I.. (?-1919), Red army comissar
- Lashevich М.М. (1884-1928), military commander
- Likhtenshtadt-Mazin V.O. (1882-1919), revolutioner
- Mgebrov-Chekan К. (1913-1922), revolutioner
- Mikhailov-Politikus L.M. (1872-1928), revolutioner
- Nakhimson S.M. (1885-1918), revolutioner
- Rakov A.S. (1885-1919), Red army comissar
- Rakh’ya I.A. (1887-1920)
- Sivers R.F. (1892-1918), military commander
- Tolmachev N.G. (1895-1919), military commander
- Uritsky M.S. (1873-1918), revolutioner
- Tsyperovich G.V. (1871-1932), revolutioner
Eternal Flame
On the 6th of November 1957 in the center of the Field was lit an Eternal Flame. It was the first in Russia. From here the Flame was delivered to Moscow in 1967 and was placed near Kremlin wall on the Tomb of Unknown Soldier. The Flame from the Field of Mars also burns on Piskaryovskoye Memorial Cemetery and on other memorials in Saint-Petersburg.
External links
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