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| Use | National flag and state and naval ensign  |
|---|---|
| Proportion | 2:3 |
| Adopted | 1957(readopted 1966) |
| Design | Horizontal tricolour of red, gold, and green, with a black star in the center |
| Designed by | Theodosia Okoh |
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| Use | Civil ensign  |
| Proportion | 2:3 |
| Design | A red field with the national flag, fimbriated in black, in the canton |
The Ghana flag makes use of the Pan-African colors - the red stripe represents the blood spilt during Ghana's struggle for independence; the yellow stripe symbolizes the mineral wealth of the country; and the green represents the vegetation and fertility of the nation. The black five-pointed star symbolizes African freedom and the African people. Ghana was the first African nation to feature these colors.
The flag was designed by Mrs. Theodosia Okoh to replace the flag of the United Kingdom upon attainment of independence in 1957. It consists of the Pan-African colours of Ethiopia, i.e., red, gold, and green, in horizontal stripes with a black five-pointed star in the centre of the gold stripe. The Ghanaian flag was the first African flag after the flag of Ethiopia to feature these colours.
The red represents the blood of those who died in the country's struggle for independence, the gold represents the mineral wealth of the country, the green symbolises the country's rich forests and natural wealth, and the black star stands for the lodestar of African freedom. (The black star was adopted from the flag of the Black Star Line, a shipping line incorporated by Marcus Garvey that operated from 1919 to 1922,[1] and gives the Ghana national football team their nickname, the Black Stars.)
The civil ensign is a red flag with the national flag in a black-fimbriated canton.
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Air force ensign and civil air ensign
The Ghana Air Force has its own ensign which incorporates the flag of Ghana. Civil aviation in Ghana is represented by the national civil air ensign. It is a standard light blue field with the Ghanaian flag in the canton. It is charged in the fly with either a red, yellow and green roundel (in the case of the military ensign) or black five-pointed star (in the case of the civil ensign). they have both been used since independence, and the subsequent founding of the Ghana Air Force in 1959.
Historic flags
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National flag, 1964-1966. Flag ratio: 2:3The flag of the Union of African States was modelled on Ghana's flag with two black stars. Later this was changed to be a black star representing every member nation (also two).
Originally Ghana and Guinea were the only members, but in May 1959 the third star was added to represent Mali. Nowhere specified how the stars were arranged, and it was possible that they were arranged in a triangle, although the three-in-a-line formation (as shown here) is more likely.[2] It adopted a green, white and red tricolor with a central black star after this period, when political union was unclear, as was Ghana's internal politics.
The 1964-1966 flag similar with flag of Hungary.
References
- ^ Crampton, William George (1993). "Marcus Garvey and the Rasta colours". Report of the 13th International Congress of Vexillology, Melbourne, 1989. Flag Society of Australia. pp. 169–180. ISBN 0-646-14343-3.
- ^ Union of African States at Flags of the World
External links
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