Frances Power Cobbe

Frances Power Cobbe

Frances Power Cobbe (4 December 1822 – 5 April 1904) was an Irish writer who is known today as a social reformer, feminist theorist and pioneer animal rights activist.

Life

Cobbe was born in Newbridge House in the family estate of the same name in what is now Donabate, Co. Dublin.^[1] She founded the Society for the Protection of Animals Liable to Vivisection (SPALV) in 1875, the world's first organization campaigning against animal experiments, and in 1898, the British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection (BUAV), two groups that remain active. Cobbe was a member of the executive council of the London National Society for Women's Suffrage and writer of editorial columns for London newspapers on suffrage, property rights for women, and opposition to vivisection.

Cobbe's first work, published anonymously, was on The Intuitive Theory of Morals (1855). She travelled in the East, and published Cities of the Past (1864), Criminals, Idiots, Women and Minors (1869), Darwinism in Morals (1871), and Scientific Spirit of the Age (1888).

Cobbe met the Darwin family during 1868. Emma Darwin liked her, "Miss Cobbe was very agreeable." Cobbe persuaded Charles Darwin to read Immanuel Kant's Metaphysics of Ethics.^[2] She met him again during 1869 in Wales, and apparently interrupted him when he was quite ill,^[3] and tried to convince him to read John Stuart Mill—and indeed Darwin had read Cobbe's review of Mill's book, The Subjection of Women.^[4] She then lost his trust when without permission she edited and published a letter he'd written to her.^[3] Her critique of Darwin's Descent of Man, Darwinism in Morals first published in The Theological Review in April 1871,^[5] might have been the first written by a woman.

Under the influence of Theodore Parker, she became a Unitarian.

See also

• Animal rights
• People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
• Animal testing
• Animal liberation movement
• History of feminism

References

• Caine, Barbara. Victorian feminists. Oxford 1992
• Rakow, Lana and Kramarae, Cheris. The Revolution in Words: Women's Source Library. London, Routledge 2003 ISBN 0-415-25689-5

Notes

Further reading

• Lori Williamson, Power and protest : Frances Power Cobbe and Victorian society. 2005. ISBN 978-1854891006. A 320-page biography.
• Sally Mitchell, Frances Power Cobbe: Victorian Journalist, Feminist, Reformer. University of Virginia Press, 2004. ISBN 978-0813922713. The first authoritative scholarly biography based on family papers and archival sources.

External links

• Victorian feminist, social reformer and anti-vivisectionist, discussion on BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour, 27 June 2005
• State University of New York - Frances Power Cobbe (1822-1904}
• Works by or about Frances Power Cobbe in libraries (WorldCat catalog)