Frederic Leighton, 1st Baron Leighton

The Right Honourable The Lord Leighton PRA
Self portrait of Leighton (1880)
Born	3 December 1830(1830-12-03) Scarborough, England
Died	25 January 1896(1896-01-25) (aged 65) London, England
Nationality	English
Field	painting and sculpture
Training	Eduard Von Steinle
Movement	Academicism
Works	Flaming June
Influenced	Frank Bernard Dicksee
Awards	Prix de Rome, Légion d'honneur

Frederic Leighton, 1st Baron Leighton PRA (3 December 1830 – 25 January 1896), known as Sir Frederic Leighton, Bt, between 1886 and 1896, was an English painter and sculptor. His works depicted historical, biblical and classical subject matter. Leighton was bearer of the shortest-lived peerage in history; after only one day his hereditary peerage ended with his death.^[1]

Biography

Leighton was born in Scarborough to a family in the import and export business. He was educated at University College School, London. He then received his artistic training on the European continent, first from Eduard Von Steinle and then from Giovanni Costa. When in Florence, aged 24, where he studied at the Accademia di Belle Arti, he painted the procession of the Cimabue Madonna through the Borgo Allegri. He lived in Paris from 1855 to 1859, where he met Ingres, Delacroix, Corot and Millet.

Flaming June

Sir Frederick Leighton, later in his career.

In 1860, he moved to London, where he associated with the Pre-Raphaelites. He designed Elizabeth Barrett Browning's tomb for Robert Browning in the English Cemetery, Florence in 1861. In 1864 he became an associate of the Royal Academy and in 1878 he became its President (1878–96). His 1877 sculpture, Athlete Wrestling with a Python, was considered at its time to inaugurate a renaissance in contemporary British sculpture, referred to as the New Sculpture. His paintings represented Britain at the great 1900 Paris Exhibition.

Leighton was knighted at Windsor in 1878, and was created a Baronet, of Holland Park Road in the Parish of St Mary Abbots, Kensington, in the County of Middlesex, eight years later.^[2] He was the first painter to be given a peerage, in the New Year Honours List of 1896. The patent creating him Baron Leighton, of Stretton in the County of Shropshire, was issued on 24 January 1896;^[3] Leighton died the next day of angina pectoris.

As he was unmarried, after his death his Barony was extinguished after existing for only a day; this is a record in the Peerage. His house in Holland Park, London has been turned into a museum, the Leighton House Museum. It contains a number of his drawings and paintings, as well as some of his sculptures (including Athlete Wrestling with a Python). The house also features many of Leighton's inspirations, including his collection of Iznik tiles. Its centrepiece is the magnificent Arab Hall. The Hall is featured in issue ten of Cornucopia.^[4]

Timeline

Sir Frederick Leighton in his studio in 1888

Cimabue's Celebrated Madonna is carried in Procession through the Streets of Florence, 1853–1855

• 1864 – Associate of the Royal Academy
• 1868 – Royal Academy Academician
• 1878 – President of the Royal Academy
• 1878 – Légion d'honneur Officer
• 1878 – Knight Bachelor
• 1886 – Created Baronet in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
• 1889 – Associate member of the Institute of France
• 1896 – Created Baron in the Peerage of the United Kingdom

Selected works

• Death of Brunelleschi (1852), oil on canvas
• The Fisherman and the Siren, c. 1856–1858 (66.3 x 48.7 cm)
• Cimabue's Celebrated Madonna is carried in Procession through the Streets of Florence (1853–5),^[5] oil on canvas. This was his first major work and was exhibited at the Royal Academy. Queen Victoria was so taken with it that she bought it for 600 guineas on the opening day of the exhibition.
• The Discovery of Juliet Apparently Lifeless (c.1858)^[6]
• The Villa Malta, Rome (1860s),^[7] oil on canvas
• The Painter's Honeymoon, c. 1864 (83.8 x 77.5 cm)
• Mother and Child, c. 1865, (48.2 x 82 cm)
• Actaea, the Nymph of the Shore (1868),^[8] oil on canvas, (57.2 x 102.2 cm) National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa.
• Daedalus and Icarus, c. 1869, (138.2 x 106.5 cm)
• Hercules Wrestling with Death for the Body of Alcestis (1869–71) (132.4 x 265.4 cm)
• Greek Girls Picking up Pebbles by the Sea, 1871 (84 x 129.5 cm)
• Teresina (circa 1874) Christchurch Art Gallery Te Puna o Waiwhetu, Christchurch, New Zealand
• Music Lesson, c. 1877, (92.8 x 118.1 cm)
• An Athlete Wrestling with a Python (1877),^[9] bronze sculpture
• Nausicaa, c. 1878 (145 x 67 cm)
• Winding the Skein, c. 1878, (100.3 x 161.3 cm)
• Light of the Harem, c. 1880, (152.4 x 83.8 cm)
• Idyll, c. 1880-81
• Wedded, (c. 1881–1882) (145.4 x 81 cm)
• Captive Andromache, c. 1888 (197 x 406.5 cm)
• The Bath of Psyche, (c. 1889–90) (189.2 x 62.2 cm) Tate Gallery
• The Garden of the Hesperides, c. 1892, (169 x 169 cm)
• Flaming June (1895), oil on canvas, Museo de Arte de Ponce, Puerto Rico (120.6 x 120.6 cm)
• The Parable of the Wise and Foolish Virgins (Fresco)^[10]
• The armlet
• Phoebe (55.88 x 60.96 cm)
• A Bather
• The Leighton Frescoes, The Arts of Industry as Applied to War and The Arts of Industry as Applied to Peace

Gallery

• 

  Icarus and Daedalus

• 

  Captive Andromache, oil on canvas painting, 1886–1888, Manchester City Art Gallery

• 

  Cymon and Iphigenia, oil on canvas painting, 1884, Art Gallery of New South Wales

• 

  The Garden of the Hesperides, oil on canvas painting, 1892, Lady Lever Art Gallery

• 

  Daphnephoria, oil on canvas painting, 1874–1876, Lady Lever Art Gallery

• 

  Solitude

• 

  The Sluggard

• 

  Athlete wrestling with a Python, white marble sculpture, 1888–1891, private collection

• 

  The Fisherman and the Syren, c.1856–1858, private collection

• 

  The Last Watch of Hero

• 

  Moses views the Promised Land

• 

  The Painter's Honeymoon, 1864

• 

  Memories, 1883

• 

  The Bath of Psyche, 1879

• 

  Idyll, c. 1880-81

See also

• Romola — the novel by George Eliot for which he did the illustrations

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Frederic Leighton

• Frederic-Leighton.org 114 works by Frederic Leighton
• Frederic Leighton Art
• Scarborough, Birthplace of Lord Frederic Leighton
• Leighton House Museum
• Obituary from The Times
• Leighton Gallery at MuseumSyndicate

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). "Frederick_Leighton,_Baron_Leighton". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Frederick_Leighton,_Baron_Leighton.