French Guinea

Guinée française French Guinea Protectorate of France* 1894 – 1958 → Flag Capital Conakry Language(s) French Political structure Protectorate Governor-General  - 1895-1900 Jean Baptiste Chaudier  - 1956-57 Gaston Custin High Commissioners  - 1957-58 Gaston Custin  - 1958 Pierre Messmer History  - Established 1894  - Independence October 2, 1958 Currency French West African franc (1903-1945) CFA franc (1945-1958)

French Guinea (French: Guinée française) was a French colonial possession and (after 1956) a protectorate in West Africa. Its borders, while changed over time, were in 1958 those of the independent nation of Guinea.

French Guinea was established in 1891, taking the same borders as the previous colony of Rivières du Sud (1882-1891). Prior to 1882, the coastal portions of French Guinea were part of the French colony of Senegal.

In 1891, Rivières du Sud was placed under the colonial lieutenant governor at Dakar, who had authority over the French coastal regions east to Porto-Novo (modern Benin). In 1894 Rivières du Sud, Coted'Ivoire and Dahomey were separated into 'independent' colonies, with Rivières du Sud being renamed the Colony of French Guinea. In 1895, French Guinea was made a dependent colony, and its Governor then became a Lieutenant Governor to a Governor-General in Dakar. In 1904, this was formalised into the Afrique Occidentale Française. French Guinea, along with Senegal, Dahomey, Cote-d'Ivoire and Upper Senegal and Niger each were ruled by a lieutenant governor, under the Governor General in Dakar.

Colonial history

Guinea was ruled by France until 1958, changing the colonies' title to "Protectorate" in 1956. It became independent from France in 1958 following the rejection of Charles de Gaulle's Constitution of 1958. At the time French Guinea was the only colony to refuse the new constitution. French Guinea became the modern day country of Guinea keeping French as its official language.

See also

• Guinea
• History of Guinea
• French West Africa

References

• Jean Suret-Canale. French Colonialism in Tropical Africa 1900-1945. Trans. Pica Press (1971)
• Jean Suret-Canale. Guinea in the Colonial System, in Essays on African History. Translated, Hurst (1980) p

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