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| The Honourable Giuliano Amato |
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| In office 25 April 2000 – 11 June 2001 |
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| President | Carlo Azeglio Ciampi |
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| Preceded by | Massimo D'Alema |
| Succeeded by | Silvio Berlusconi |
| In office 28 June 1992 – 28 April 1993 |
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| President | Oscar Luigi Scalfaro |
| Preceded by | Giulio Andreotti |
| Succeeded by | Carlo Azeglio Ciampi |
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| In office 17 May 2006 – 8 May 2008 |
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| Prime Minister | Romano Prodi |
| Deputy | Marco Minniti |
| Preceded by | Giuseppe Pisanu |
| Succeeded by | Roberto Maroni |
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| In office 6 June 2001 – 11 June 2001 |
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| Preceded by | Lamberto Dini |
| Succeeded by | Renato Ruggiero |
| In office 29 July 1992 – 1 August 1992 |
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| Preceded by | Vincenzo Scotti |
| Succeeded by | Emilio Colombo |
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Minister of University and Research
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| In office 2 February 2001 – 11 July 2001 |
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| Preceded by | Ortensio Zecchino |
| Succeeded by | Letizia Moratti |
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Minister of the Exchequer, Budget and Economy Programming
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| In office 13 May 1999 – 25 April 2000 |
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| Prime Minister | Massimo D'Alema |
| Preceded by | Carlo Azeglio Ciampi |
| Succeeded by | Vincenzo Visco |
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Minister of Institutional Reforms
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| In office 21 November 1998 – 13 May 1999 |
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| Prime Minister | Massimo D'Alema |
| Preceded by | Franco Bassanini |
| Succeeded by | Antonio Maccanico |
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Minister of the Exchequer
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| In office 7 July 1987 – 22 July 1989 |
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| Prime Minister | Giovanni Goria Ciriaco De Mita |
| Preceded by | Giovanni Goria |
| Succeeded by | Guido Carli |
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| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office 21 April 2006 |
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| Born | 13 May 1938 Turin, Italy |
| Political party | Democratic Party (2007–present) |
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Socialist Party (1958–1991) Democratic Party of the Left (1991–1998) Democrats of the Left (1998–2007) |
| Spouse(s) | Diana Vincenzi |
| Children | Elisa Amato Lorenzo Amato |
| Residence | Rome, Italy |
| Alma mater | University of Pisa Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies Columbia Law School |
| Profession | Professor |
Giuliano Amato (born 13 May 1938) is an Italian politician. He was Prime Minister of Italy twice, first from 1992 to 1993 and then from 2000 to 2001. He was more recently Vice President of the Convention on the Future of Europe that drafted the new European Constitution and headed the Amato Group. He is commonly nicknamed dottor Sottile, (which means both "Dr. Thin" and "Doctor Subtilis", a joke about both his physical thinness and his political insightfulness). From 2006 to 2008, he was the Minister of the Interior in Romano Prodi's government.
Biography
Born in Turin, Amato grew up in Tuscany. He received a first degree in law from the University of Pisa in 1960, while attending the prestigious Collegio Medico-Giuridico, now Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, and a masters degree in comparative law from Columbia University in 1963. After teaching at the Universities of Modena, Perugia and Florence, he worked as professor of Italian and Comparative Constitutional Law at the University of Rome La Sapienza from 1975 to 1997.
Amato began his political career in 1958, when he joined the Italian Socialist Party. He was a Member of Parliament from 1983 to 1993. He was Undersecretary of State to the Prime Minister's office from 1983 to 1987, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for the Treasury from 1987 to 1988, then again Treasury Minister, from 1988 to 1989.
From June 1992 to April 1993, Amato served as Prime Minister. During those ten months, a series of corruption scandals rocked Italy and swept away almost an entire class of political leaders. Amato himself was never implicated, notwithstanding how close he was to Bettino Craxi, a central figure in the corruption system.
As Prime Minister, Amato responded effectively to two devaluations of the Lira in the wake of currency speculation that led Italy to be expelled from the European Monetary System by cutting the budget deficit drastically, thus taking the first steps in the road that would bring Italy to adopt the Euro. He asked Italians "to put one hand on their hearts and get their wallets out with the other" to save the country from bankruptcy.
At a point, his government was harshly contested because of a decree that suddenly moved the competence for corruption investigations into the hands of the police, which, being controlled directly by the government, would have not been independent. Fearing that the new system would have effectively blocked investigations on political corruption, Italians took to the streets in massive, spontaneous rallies. President Oscar Luigi Scalfaro refused to sign the decree, deeming it blatantly unconstitutional. While his justice minister Giovanni Conso took the blame, it has been disputed whether Amato was a victim of circumstances or whether he really wanted to save the corruption-ridden system.
At the end of his period as Prime Minister, Amato gave a speech to the Parliament in which he solemnly promised that at end of his term he would retire from politics, stressing that his was a true commitment and that he would not break this promise as some politicians (whom he characterized as "mandarins") used to do. However, this promise was short-lived; Amato has regularly come under criticism for having made such a solemn commitment and failìng to keep it.
Amato was President of the Italian antitrust authority from November 1994 to December 1997, Minister for Institutional Reforms in Massimo D'Alema's first government from October 1998 to May 1999, and, once again, Treasury Minister in D'Alema's second government from December 1999 to April 2000. Amato was nearly elected President of the Republic and was a close contender to replace Michel Camdessus as head of the International Monetary Fund.
Amato served as Prime Minister again from April 2000 to May 2001. He promoted economic competitiveness as well as social protection. In addition to economic reforms, he pushed ahead with political and institutional reforms, trying to deal with a weak executive and fragmented legislature.
In December 2001, European Union leaders at the European Council in Laeken appointed Amato and former Belgian Prime Minister Jean-Luc Dehaene to be Vice Presidents of the Convention on the Future of Europe to assist former French President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing in the drafting of the new European Constitution.
Amato was a Member of the Senate representing the constituency of Grosseto in Tuscany from 2001 to 2006. In 2006, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies for the Olive Tree list, and he was named Minister of the Interior in Romano Prodi's centre-left government.
Amato is married to Ms Diana Amato, a professor of Family Law at the University of Rome. They have two children, Elisa and Lorenzo, and five grandchildren, Giulia, Marco, Simone, Elena and Irene.
External links
- Giuliano Amato Home Page (unofficial, in English and in Italian)
- Giuliano Amato's Project Syndicate op/eds
- Giuliano Amato teaching at LUISS Guido Carli University in Rome for the Master in European Studies
| Italian Chamber of Deputies | ||
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| Preceded by Title jointly held |
Member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies 1983–1994 |
Succeeded by Title jointly held |
| Member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies 2006–2008 |
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| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by Giovanni Goria |
Minister of the Exchequer 1987–1989 |
Succeeded by Guido Carli |
| Preceded by Giulio Andreotti |
Prime Minister of Italy 1992–1993 |
Succeeded by Carlo Azeglio Ciampi |
| Preceded by Vincenzo Scotti |
Minister of Foreign Affairs 1992 |
Succeeded by Emilio Colombo |
| Preceded by Franco Bassanini |
Minister of Institutional Reforms 1998–1999 |
Succeeded by Antonio Maccanico |
| Preceded by Carlo Azeglio Ciampi |
Minister of the Exchequer, Budget and Economy Programming 1999–2000 |
Succeeded by Vincenzo Visco |
| Preceded by Massimo D'Alema |
Prime Minister of Italy 2000–2001 |
Succeeded by Silvio Berlusconi |
| Preceded by Ortensio Zecchino |
Minister of University and Research 2001 |
Succeeded by Letizia Moratti |
| Preceded by Renato Ruggiero |
Minister of Foreign Affairs 2001 |
Succeeded by Lamberto Dini |
| Preceded by Giuseppe Pisanu |
Minister of the Interior 2006–2008 |
Succeeded by Roberto Maroni |
| Italian Senate | ||
| Preceded by Title jointly held |
Member of the Italian Senate 2001–2006 |
Succeeded by Title jointly held |
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