| Glomerular basement membrane | |
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| Glomerulus. (Diagram in French, but "Membrane basale glomerulaire et ses podocytes" labeled near center.) | |
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| Scheme of filtration barrier (blood-urine) in the kidney. A. The endothelial cells of the glomerulus; 1. pore (fenestra). B. Glomerular basement membrane: 1. lamina rara externa 2. lamina densa 3. lamina rara interna C. Podocytes: 1. enzymatic and structural protein 2. filtration slit 3. diaphragma |
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| MeSH | glomerular+basement+membrane |
The glomerular basement membrane is the basal laminal portion of the glomerulus which performs the actual filtration through the filtration slits between the podocytes, separating the blood on the inside from the filtrate on the outside. It is a fusion of the endothelial cell and podocyte basal laminas. [1]
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Layers
The GBM contains three layers: [2]
| Layer | Location | Composition | Function |
| lamina rara externa | adjacent to podocyte processes | heparan sulfate | blocks by charge |
| lamina densa | dark central zone | type 4 collagen and laminin | blocks by size (MW > 69,000) |
| lamina rara interna | adjacent to endothelial cells | heparan sulfate | blocks by charge |
Pathology
- Goodpasture's syndrome is also known as "anti-glomerular basement membrane disease". Capillaries become inflamed as a result of damage to the basement membrane by antibodies.
- Nephrotic syndrome is a change in the structure of the glomerular filtration mechanism usually in the glomerular basement membrane. Some symptoms include proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, oedema, and hyperlipidemia.
- Diabetic glomerulosclerosis is a thickening of the basement membrane, which can become up to 4-5 times thicker than normal. Can be caused by insulin deficiency or resultant hyperglycemia.
See also
Additional images
 Renal corpuscle. GBM is #1. |
References
- ^ Physiology at MCG 7/7ch04/7ch04p07 - "Basement Membrane"
- ^ JCI - New articles published
External links
- MeSH glomerular+basement+membrane
- "The GBM and its disorders" at dmed.ed.ac.uk
- Histology at harvard.edu
- Structure at wramc.army.mi
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