A norm in chess is one of the requirements to receive a title such as Grandmaster from FIDE.
Grandmaster norm
In order to qualify for the title of Grandmaster of chess, a title awarded by FIDE, the World Chess Federation, a player must achieve three or more grandmaster norms in events covering a minimum of 27 games. Norms can only be gained in tournaments that fulfil FIDE's strict criteria; for instance, an International Arbiter must be officiating and the entry must include at least three GM titled players from different countries playing over a minimum of nine rounds, with no less than 120 minutes thinking time per round. There are a number of other more minor stipulations.
The 'norm' seeker must achieve a tournament performance rating (TPR) of at least 2600 to qualify.
The exact current rules are posted on the FIDE website at [1].
Other norms
There are also norm requirements for the titles of International Master, Woman Grandmaster and Woman International Master.
References
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