Coordinates: 54°58′12″N 2°27′29″W / 54.970°N 2.458°W
| Haltwhistle | |
 Haltwhistle Burn between the town and Hadrian's wall |
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.png)  Haltwhistle
Haltwhistle shown within Northumberland |
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| Population | 3,811 |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | |
| Parish | Haltwhistle |
| Unitary authority | Northumberland |
| Ceremonial county | Northumberland |
| Region | North East |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | HALTWHISTLE |
| Postcode district | NE49 |
| Dialling code | 01434 |
| Police | Northumbria |
| Fire | Northumberland |
| Ambulance | North East |
| EU Parliament | North East England |
| UK Parliament | Hexham |
| List of places: UK • England • Northumberland | |
Haltwhistle is a small town and civil parish in Northumberland, England, situated 10 miles (16 km) east of Brampton, near Hadrian's Wall, and the villages of Plenmeller, Rowfoot and Melkridge. The name of Haltwhistle has nothing to do with a railway stop, but is literally Hal-twysel, meaning "a meeting of the streams by the hill". Twizell is a meeting of the waters and here the Haltwhistle Burn from the north meets the River South Tyne.[1] The town has a population of 3,811.[2]
Well constructed, stone-built houses are still a feature of central Haltwhistle, and though there are none outstanding architecturally the general appearance of the groups is harmonious. The houses were built of local stone, but with the railway, other materials could be brought in.[1] It is one of two settlements in Great Britain which claim to be the exact geographic centre of the island, along with Dunsop Bridge in Lancashire, located 71 miles (114 km) to the south.
Contents |
History
Haltwhistle was probably in existence in Roman times, as it is one of the closest approaches of the River South Tyne in its upland reaches to Hadrian's Wall.[citation needed] The old Roman road or Stanegate passes just two miles to the north of the town.
The development of the town was based on its position on the main Newcastle to Carlisle road and on the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway line. Although the name of the town suggests that it may have been named because of the presence of the railway, this is not so: the name Haltwhistle was in existence long before the railways arrived, and derives from the Old English twistle, meaning a meeting of rivers, and possibly the French prefix haut- meaning high.[3]
The expansion of Haltwhistle in the 18th and 19th centuries was due to coal mining in the area and to a lesser extent the use of Haltwhistle as a loading point for metal ores coming from the mines on Alston Moor. In 1836 while some workmen were quarrying stone for the Directors of the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, on the top of Boreum, a high hill in the township of Thorngrafton and Parish of Haltwhistle, one of them found a copper vessel containing 63 coins, 3 of them gold and 60 copper. The gold coins were, one of Claudius Caesar, reverse Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus; one of Nero and one of Vespasian.[4]
More recently, paint manufacture became a major commercial force in the town, but has now stopped major production.
In the 21st century, the tourist industry dominates the economy with Hadrian's Wall and walking and rambling counting among the principal interests of tourists.
Governance
Haltwhistle lies within the now unitary Northumberland County Council and was up unitil April 2009 part of Tynedale district. It maintains an active Town Council which has succeeded in making a number of local improvements including the establishment in 1975 of a heated outdoor swimming pool complex which is very popular during the summer months. It is believed that Haltwhistle may be one of the smallest towns to have made such a provision in Great Britain.
The town is in the parliamentary constituency of Hexham.
Economy
Haltwhistle was a market town for the exchange of local goods. In the eighteenth century two Quakers set up a baize manufactury and there was a weaving establishment. On the Haltwhistle Burn were fulling mills, dyeing and spinning mills. A walk along this stream to the Roman Wall, shows that it must have been a hive of industry with quarries, coal mining and lime burning kilns. The Directory of 1822 (Pigot) gives a whole range of craftsmen, shopkeepers and traders — 60 in number, including makers of clogs. The weekly market was held on Thursdays and there were fairs on May 14 and November 22 for cattle and sheep.[1]
Landmarks
Hadrian's Wall to the north of the town is used as a major selling point for the town. The section of the wall closest to Haltwhistle is among the most spectacular and complete, with the wall striding eastwards from the lake at Crag Lough along the spine of the Whin Sill. The remains of Haltwhistle Castle and the series of Bastles, and Haltwhistle Tower. Haltwhistle also claims to be at the geographic centre of Britain - equidistant from the sea as measured along the principal points of the compass. A hotel in the centre of Haltwhistle is named the Centre of Britain Hotel in recognition of this claim. The claim is rather tenuous as it requires that the northern extremity is taken to be the Orkneys rather the Shetlands. Depending on how the centre of the island is calculated however the centre can be said to be Dunsop Bridge in Lancashire. See Centre points of the United Kingdom.
There are many historic properties nearby, including Featherstone Castle, Blenkinsop Castle, Unthank Hall, Bellister Castle and Thirlwall Castle.
Haltwhistle Viaduct lies to the south of the railway station and was the first major feature on the Alston Line to Alston, Cumbria.
Transport
- Railway
The town is served by Haltwhistle railway station on the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, also known as the Tyne Valley Line. The line was opened in 1838, and links the city of Newcastle upon Tyne in Tyne and Wear with Carlisle in Cumbria. The line follows the course of the River Tyne through Northumberland.
Passenger services on the Tyne Valley Line are operated by Northern Rail and First ScotRail. The line is also heavily used for freight. The railway station is on the south side of the village close by the River South Tyne.
Until 1976 the railway station was also the northern terminus of the branch line to Alston, in Cumbria, the line was thirteen miles in length. Part of the southern end of the Haltwhistle to Alston line has been reopened as a two foot narrow gauge railway, known as the South Tynedale Railway, between Alston and Kirkhaugh.
- Road
The A69 trunk road which links Carlisle and Newcastle on Tyne formerly passed south of the town centre and through the western part of the town until a full bypass was opened in 1997.
Religious sites
The Church of the Holy Cross is situated below the Market Place with views over the river and the valley. It is a good example of a North Country church, impressive considering the time when it was built in the thirteenth century. The chancel measures 46 by 20 feet (14 by 6.1 m), with lancet windows — combined three lights in the east end and four single lights on each side, the walls being supported by buttresses. Inside is a piscine (for washing) and three sedilia (seats for the clergy). There are a number of medieval grave covers to Blenkinsopps and Thirlwells. The nave measures 63 by 46 feet (19 by 14 m) and has side aisles above which are clerestory windows. It has four bays with round columns and pointed arches, looking very spacious inside. The font, dated 1676, has some curious crude carvings on it, and there is another large circular bowl on a shaft, which is probably an earlier font. At the west end it has long lancet windows and a bell-cote, again typical of the North country.[1]
See also
- Bellister Castle
- Blenkinsop Castle
- Featherstone Castle
- Haltwhistle Viaduct
- Thirlwall Castle.
- Unthank Hall
References
- ^ a b c d Rowland, T. H. (1994 (Reprint)). Waters of Tyne. Warkworth, Northumberland, England: Sandhill Press Ltd. ISBN 0-946098-36-0.
- ^ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Tynedale Retrieved 2009-09-18
- ^ The North East England History Pages
- ^ Coin Hoard Article
External links
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