(b Zurich, 7 Dec 1891; d Zurich, 1972). German photographer and teacher. He studied architecture at the Technische Hochschule in Munich (1909-14), later studying art history (1914-18). In 1922 he became librarian at the Kunstgewerbeschule in Halle, where he also taught art history. While there he developed his 'object photography', teaching a class in it from 1927 to 1932. From this period date photographs such as Ceramic Tubing (c. 1929; see exh. cat., p. 84). In 1932 he became head of the photography department at the Kunstgewerbeschule in Zurich, where he remained until 1958, and where he was an important influence on Ren? Burri and Werner Bischof.
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