| Haplogroup C
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| Time of origin | 60,000 YBP |
| Place of origin | Central Asia |
| Ancestor | CZ |
| Descendants | C1, C4, C5, C7 |
|---|---|
| Defining mutations | 489 10400 14783 15043[1] |
In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup C is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup of characteristic Siberian Lineage.
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Origin
Haplogroup C is believed to have arisen somewhere between the Caspian Sea and Lake Baikal some 60,000 years before present. It is a descendant of the haplogroup M.
Distribution
Haplogroup C is found in Northeast Asia[2] (including Siberia). Haplogroup C is one of four mtdna haplogroups found in the indigenous peoples of the Americas[2], the others being A, B, D, and X. The sublades C1b, C1c, C1d, and C4c are found in the first people of the Americas. C1 is the most common.
Subclades
Tree
This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup C subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation[1] and subsequent published research.
- CZ
- C
- C1
- C1a
- C1b
- C1b1
- C1b2
- C1b2a
- C1b3
- C1b4
- C1b5
- C1c
- C1c1
- C1c2
- C1d
- C4
- C4a
- C4a1
- C4a1a
- C4a2
- C4a1
- C4b
- C4b1
- C4b1a
- C4b2
- C4b1
- C4c
- C4a
- C5
- C5a
- C7
- C1
- C
Popular culture
In his popular book The Seven Daughters of Eve, Bryan Sykes named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Chochmingwu.
See also
- Genealogical DNA test
- Genetic Genealogy
- Human mitochondrial genetics
- Population Genetics
- Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups
- For Indigenous American Haplogroups see: Haplogroup Q1a3a (Y-DNA)
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Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups (by ethnic groups · famous haplotypes) |
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| Mitochondrial Eve (L) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| L0 | L1 | L2 | L3 | L4 | L5 | L6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| M | N | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CZ | D | E | G | Q | A | S | R | I | W | X | Y | |||||||||||||||||||||
| C | Z | B | F | R0 | pre-JT | P | U | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HV | JT | K | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| H | V | J | T | Former Clusters IWX | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
References
- ^ a b van Oven, Mannis; Manfred Kayser (13 Oct 2008). "Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation". Human Mutation 30 (2): E386–E394. doi:. PMID 18853457 doi:10.1002/humu.20921. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121449735/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0. Retrieved 2009-05-20.|url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121449735/abstract?CRETRY=1|doi_brokendate=2009-07-06 }}
- ^ a b Haplogroup C.
External links
- General
- Ian Logan's Mitochondrial DNA Site
- Mannis van Oven's Phylotree
- Haplogroup C
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