Happy Together (traditional Chinese: 春光乍洩; simplified Chinese: 春光乍泄; pinyin: Chūn guāng zhà xiè; jyutping: Ceon1 gwong1 za3 sit3) is a 1997 Hong Kong movie directed by Wong Kar-wai, starring Leslie Cheung and Tony Leung Chiu-Wai, that depicts a turbulent romance between two men. The English title is inspired by The Turtles' 1967 song, which is covered by Danny Chung on the film's soundtrack; the Chinese title (previously used for Michelangelo Antonioni's Blowup) is an idiomatic expression suggesting "the exposure of something indecent."[1]
The film received positive reviews from several film festivals, including a win for Best Director at the 1997 Cannes Film Festival.[2]
Plot outline
(The following reveals the plot)
Ho Po-Wing (Leslie Cheung) and Lai Yiu-fai (Tony Leung Chiu-Wai), a couple from pre-handover Hong Kong, visit Argentina hoping to renew their ailing relationship. The two have a pattern of abuse, followed by break-ups and reconciliations. One of their goals in Argentina is to visit the Iguazu waterfalls, which serves as a leitmotif in the movie.
The movie unfolds in the following sections:
Part 1
As the two arrive into Argentina, they pick a car. During the ride however, they get into an argument and break up. Lai (played by Tony Leung) is the more stable and committed of the two, and desires nothing more than a fairly normal life. He tries to deal with the break up rationally and gets a job at a local nightclub. Ho (played by Leslie Cheung) has an extremely destructive personality and is not able to commit to a monogamous relationship. Ho seems to be motivated by a both a need for attention as well as a need to simply hurt Fai. Ho picks up numerous other men, and even goes so far to bring them to the club that Lai works at. Lai tries very hard to lead a normal life at this point, but is nearly driven to the edge of insanity by Ho.
Part 2
One day Ho Po-Wing turns up severely beaten at Lai Yiu-fai's apartment, who takes him in and begins to take care of him. Ho's hands are injured so at this point, he relies on Lai for nearly everything. Initially, Lai works hard to keep Ho at bay physically and emotionally. However in the end, they get back together. Their actions indicate a continual pattern of abuse, break-up, finally followed by reconciliation. As in the previous times, in the beginning Ho does try to make the relationship work,and the two seem genuinely happy. However, as Ho recovers, he begins again to pick up other men and ignore Lai. We see gradually the destructive side of Ho's personality taking over and the familiar cycle of mutual abuse and dependence starting again.
Part 3
As Lai and Ho's relationships starts falling apart again, Lai befriends Chang, a fellow Chinese from Taiwan at work. In some sense, Chang is Ho's opposite. Whereas Ho is manipulative and volatile, Chang is straightforward and stable. After Ho fully recovers, he resumes his playboy lifestyle and leaves Lai. Lai copes with the loss by spending more and more time with Chang. It is hinted that Chang is also gay and attracted to Lai; Chang states in a voiceover that he likes 'deep, low voices' and is seen rejecting advances from an attractive female coworker. Chang's unassuming self-awareness and sincerity help Lai out of his depression, contributing to his eventual realization that his relationship with Ho Po-Wing is based on an ideal which no longer has any basis in reality. During one of their many conversations, Chang tells Lai that his goal is to reach a the lowest point in South America. There, is a lighthouse where supposedly all sorrows can be dropped. Eventually, Chang departs Buenos Aires and continues on this journey.
Part 4
After Chang leaves, Lai sinks deeper into depression. He takes some changes jobs in order make more money and eventually descends to sexual encounters with other men in bathrooms and movie theaters as a means to cope with the loneliness. He remarks in voiceovers at this point that in some sense he better understands Ho promiscuity at this point, as these encounters seem to be a way to numb the emotional pain.
On Christmas Day, he sits down and begins to write a card to his father back in Hong Kong. The card turns into a long letter. We learn that earlier Lai had stolen a large amount of money from his father's associate's business in order to finance the trip for himself and Ho to South America. Lai apologizes to his father, and resolves to return to Hong Kong and deal with his past actions.
Part 5 After a few months, Ho again contacts Lai to restart the cycle of abuse and destruction. But this time, Lai has the strength to avoid starting this cycle once again. He refuses to see Ho. While on the surface, Ho is angry about Lai's rejection, privately he also mourns this loss. Eventually, Lai finds the strength to visit the waterfalls and return to Hong Kong. On the way home to Hong Kong, Lai visits Taipei and seeks out Chang's family's noodle shop in the night market. He steals a picture of Chang as a remembrance.
Critical reception
Due to the international recognition that the film received, it was reviewed in several major U.S. publications. Edward Guthmann, of the San Francisco Chronicle, gave the film an ecstatic review, lavishing praise on Wong for his innovative cinematography and directorial approach; whilst naming Jack Kerouac and William Burroughs amongst those who would have been impressed by his film.[3] Stephen Holden, of the New York Times, said it was a more coherent, heartfelt movie than Wong's previous films, without losing the stylism and brashness of his earlier efforts.[4]
However, Jonathan Rosenbaum gave the film a mixed review in the Chicago Reader. Rosenbaum, in a summary of the film, criticized it for having a vague plotline and chastised Wong's "lurching around".[5] In Box Office Magazine, Wade Major gave the film one of its most negative reviews, saying that it offered "little in the way of stylistic or narrative progress, although it should please his core fans." He deprecated Wong's cinematography, labelling it "random experimentation" and went on to say this was "unbearably tedious" due to the lack of narrative.[6]
Wong, in regards to the interpretation of the film said:
- "In this film, some audiences will say that the title seems to be very cynical, because it is about two persons living together, and at the end, they are just separate. But to me, happy together can apply to two persons or apply to a person and his past, and I think sometimes when a person is at peace with himself and his past, I think it is the beginning of a relationship which can be happy, and also he can be more open to more possibilities in the future with other people."[7]
Box office
During its Hong Kong theatrical release, Happy Together made HK $8,600,141 at the box office. The tally is unspectacular, but respectable given the subject matter and restrictive Category III rating. It was also typical of a Wong Kar Wai film.
Happy Together also had a limited theatrical run in North America through Kino International, where it grossed US $320,319.
Awards and nominations
- 1998 Arizona International Film Festival
- Won: Audience Award - Most Popular Foreign Film
See also
References
- ^ Tony Rayns. "Happy Together (1997)". Time Out Film Guide. http://www.timeout.com/film/newyork/reviews/71718/happy-together.html. Retrieved July 7, 2008
- ^ a b c "Festival de Cannes: Happy Together". festival-cannes.com. http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/4812/year/1997.html. Retrieved 2009-09-21.
- ^ "Misery Loves Company in `Happy Together'". San Francisco Chronicle, Edward Guthmann. 1997-10-14. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/1997/11/14/DD24951.DTL. Retrieved February 19, 2008
- ^ "NY Times Review". New York Times, Stephen Holden. http://movies2.nytimes.com/mem/movies/review.html?title1=&title2=Happy%20Together%20%28Movie%29%20%20&reviewer=Stephen%20Holden&v_id=155000&partner=Rotten%20Tomatoes. Retrieved February 19, 2008
- ^ "Cult Confusion". Chicago Reader, Jonathan Rosenbaum. 1997. http://www.chicagoreader.com/movies/archives/1998/0198/01238.html. Retrieved February 19, 2008
- ^ . Box Office Magazine, Wade Major. http://boxoffice.com/reviews/2008/08/happy-together.php. Retrieved February 19, 2008
- ^ Wong Kar-wai Exclusive Interview Retrieved February 19, 2008[dead link]
External links
