| Harry Flood Byrd, Jr. | |
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| In office November 12, 1965 – January 3, 1983 |
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| Preceded by | Harry F. Byrd |
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| Succeeded by | Paul S. Trible, Jr. |
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| Born | December 20, 1914  Winchester, Virginia, United States |
| Political party | Democratic (1965–1970) Independent Democrat (1970–) |
| Spouse(s) | Gretchen Bigelow Thomson |
| Alma mater | Virginia Military Institute |
| Religion | Episcopalian |
Harry Flood Byrd, Jr. (born December 20, 1914) is a retired American politician. He represented Virginia in the United States Senate from 1965 to 1983. He is most notable for leaving the Democratic Party in 1970 and becoming an Independent, although he continued to caucus with the Democrats. He is the son of Harry F. Byrd, Sr., whom he replaced as senator. On October 20, 2009, with the death of retired U.S. Senator Clifford P. Hansen, a Wyoming Republican, Byrd became the oldest living former senator.
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Biography
Byrd was born in Winchester, Virginia and was educated at the Virginia Military Institute in Lexington and the University of Virginia at Charlottesville. He became a newspaper editor and fruit grower, and served in the United States Navy during World War II. In 1939, he assumed control of his father's chain of newspapers in the Shenandoah Valley.
Political career
Byrd served in the Senate of Virginia from 1948 to November 1965. In November 1965, Byrd's father resigned from the U.S. Senate for health reasons. At Harry, Sr.'s suggestion, Harry, Jr. was appointed to succeed him by Virginia Governor Albertis S. Harrison Jr. and won a special election as a Democrat to serve the remainder of his father's term in 1966. In 1970 Byrd broke with the Democratic Party because they asked him to sign an oath of loyalty to the party, which would have required him to support any and all Democratic nominees, from the president to the local clerk. Instead of signing the restrictive contract, Byrd ran as an independent. Byrd was widely popular in the state and became the second senator in history to win as an independent, having earned 54 percent of the vote in a three-way race. He continued to caucus with the Democrats, and maintained his Democratic seniority.
Like his father, Harry, Jr. had a very conservative voting record and was a strong supporter of federal fiscal discipline. In fact, he authored and Congress passed a floor amendment stating, "Beginning with fiscal year 1981, the total budget outlays of the Federal Government should not exceed its receipts."
In 1971, Byrd proposed a bill to allow the importation of various metals from Rhodesia, contradicting the position of the President and the United Nations Security Council which forbade most forms of trade or financial exchange with Rhodesia, which had a white-controlled government.[1] The bill passed, and the 1971 Byrd Amendment allowed Rhodesia to evade these sanctions.[2]
Byrd easily won reelection in 1976, having defeated Democrat Elmo R. Zumwalt, Jr. The Republicans did not run a candidate that year and concentrated in carrying Virginia, by the narrowest of margins, for U.S. President Gerald R. Ford, Jr.
Even as a senator, Byrd contributed regular editorial content to his newspapers, blending journalism and politics.
Byrd did not run for reelection in 1982 and moved back to his hometown of Winchester. He was succeeded by U.S. Representative Paul S. Trible, who served only one term and did not seek reelection in 1988.
Retirement
Upon retirement, Byrd became a lecturer at Shenandoah University and in 1984, the business program was reorganized and became the Harry F. Byrd, Jr. School of Business.
Byrd served as Chairman of the Board of The Winchester Star until 1990.
He was owner of the Page Shenandoah Newspaper Corporation until 1987, which published The Page News and Courier in Luray and The Shenandoah Valley Herald in Woodstock.
He retired as publisher of The Daily News-Record in Harrisonburg and Chairman of the Byrd newspapers in 2001, turning over the business to his son, Thomas T. Byrd.
He was named to the Virginia Communications Hall of Fame in 2003.
Family
Harry F. Byrd, Jr. is a son of Harry F. Byrd, who preceded him in the United States Senate, and is a nephew of Richard E. Byrd, the flier and polar explorer. The Winchester, Virginia, Byrd family is not related to Robert Byrd, a U.S. Senator from West Virginia.
References
- ^ Meredith, Martin. The Past is Another Country. pp. 218.
- ^ Elizabeth Schmidt (2003). "Journal of Southern African Studies, Vol. 29, No. 1 (March 2003), pp. 311-312". JSTOR. http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0305-7070(200303)29%3A1%3C311%3ARSTLV%3E2.0.CO%3B2-6. Retrieved 2007-11-10.
| United States Senate | ||
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| Preceded by Harry F. Byrd |
United States Senator (Class 1) from Virginia November 12, 1965 - January 3, 1983 Served alongside: A. Willis Robertson, William B. Spong, Jr., William L. Scott, John W. Warner |
Succeeded by Paul S. Trible, Jr. |
| Honorary titles | ||
| Preceded by Clifford Hansen |
Oldest living U.S. Senator October 20, 2009–present |
Incumbent |
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