hemoglobinuria

The presence of free hemoglobin in the urine.

The presence of free hemoglobin in the urine. In true hemoglobinuria the protein has originated from erythrocytes hemolyzed within the vascular system. In false hemoglobinuria it comes from erythrocytes in the urine that have hemolyzed there, leaving red cell envelopes in the urinary sediment. In both forms the urine is colored dark red to almost black.

• bacillary h. — is an acute, highly fatal toxemia of cattle and sheep caused by Clostridium haemolyticum (C. novyi type D). It is characterized by hemoglobinuria, jaundice and sudden death with large, usually single infarcts in the liver.
• cold h. — intravascular hemolysis occurs in the blood vessels in the intestinal wall immediately after the calf, rarely an adult, has drunk a large amount of very cold water after a period of deprivation. Transient hemoglobinuria may occur. See also cold anemia.
• false h. — when lysis of erythrocytes occurs after the urine is passed.
• postparturient h. — see postparturient hemoglobinuria.

The noun has one meaning:

Meaning #1: presence of hemoglobin in the urine
  Synonym: haemoglobinuria

Hemoglobinuria
Classification and external resources
Structure of hemoglobin
ICD-10	R82.3
ICD-9	283.2, 791.2
DiseasesDB	19635
MeSH	D006456

In medicine, hemoglobinuria is a condition in which the oxygen transport protein hemoglobin is found in abnormally high concentrations in the urine. The condition is often associated with hemolytic anemia, in which red blood cells are destroyed, thereby increasing levels of free plasma hemoglobin. The excess hemoglobin is filtered by the kidneys, which release it into the urine, giving urine a red colour.

Causes

Acute glomerulonephritis
Burns
Renal cancer
Malaria
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS)
Pyelonephritis
Sickle cell anemia
Transfusion reactions
Thrombotic thrombocytopaenic purpura (TTP)
Tuberculosis of the urinary tract
Exertional hemoglobinuria
Acute lead poisoning

Complications

Hemoglobinuria can lead to acute tubular necrosis and is a common cause of death of multi-traumatic patients recovering on the ICU.

See also

• Hematuria

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v • d • e Abnormal clinical and laboratory findings for urine (R80-R82, 791) Urine test/ Urination disorder Red blood cells Hematuria (Microscopic hematuria) White blood cells Eosinophiluria Proteinuria Albuminuria/Microalbuminuria · Myoglobinuria · Hemoglobinuria Small molecules Glycosuria · Ketonuria · Bilirubinuria · Hyperuricosuria · Hypouricosuria Pathogens Bacteriuria Other Chyluria  · Crystalluria · Isosthenuria · Hypersthenuria see also urine tests

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