Hetmans of Ukrainian Cossacks

Five hryvnia Ukrainian banknote depicting Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky

Ten hryvnia banknote depicting Hetman Ivan Mazepa

Hetman was the title used by commanders of the Ruthenian (Ukrainian) Dnieper Cossacks from the end of the sixteenth century. The title hetman was adopted from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.^{[citation needed]}

At the end of the sixteenth century, commanders of Zaporizhian Cossacks were called Koshovyi Otaman. As from 1572, hetman was a commander of the Registered Cossack Army (Ukrainian: Реєстрове козацьке військо) of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. From the 1648 Bohdan Khmelnytsky uprising, Hetman was the title of the head of the Cossack state, the Zaporozhian Host. Cossack hetmans had very broad powers and acted as supreme military commanders and executive leader (by issuing administrative decrees).

After the split of the territory of Ukraine along the Dnieper River by the Polish-Russian Treaty of Andrusovo 1667, Ukrainian Cossacks of the Hetmanate (and Cossack Hetmans) are known as Left-bank Cossacks and Right-bank Cossacks.

In Russia, the importance of the office of Cossack Hetman was gradually diminished in 1734-1750, and finally abolished by Catherine II of Russia in 1764.

List of hetmans

• Predslav Lyantskoronsky (1506–1512)
• Ostap Dashkevych (1506–1536)
• Dmytro Vyshnevetsky (1550–1564)
• Ivan Svirgovsky (1567–1574)
• Ivan Pidkova (1577–1578)
• Ivan Orishevsky (1579–1591)
• Bogdan Mikoshinsky (1586–1594)
• Kryshtof Kosynsky (1591–1593)
• Hryhory Loboda (1593–1596)
• Severyn Nalyvaiko (1596)
• Petro Konashevych (Sahaidachny) led successful campaigns against the Tatars and the Turks, aided the Polish army at Moscow in 1618 and at the Battle of Khotyn in 1621. He also saw Cossack interests in the independence of Ukraine from Poland.
• Mykhailo Doroshenko (1623–1628)
  • Hryhoriy Chorny (1628-1630), elected by Registered Cossacks
  • Taras Fedorovych (1629–1630), elected by unregistered Cossacks
• Ivan Sulyma (1630–1635)
• Dmytro Hunia (1638)
• Bohdan Khmelnytsky (1648–1657) was the first Hetman of the Cossack Hetmanate, who is credited for ending Poland's control of Ukraine which he placed under the protection of Russia.
• Ivan Bohun (June 1651)
• Ivan Vyhovsky (1657–1659)
• Ivan Bezpalyi (1658-1659), elected by pro-Russian Left-bank Ukraine
• Yakym Somko (1660–1663)
• Yurii Khmelnytsky (1659–1662) (1678-1681) (in the Right-bank Ukraine)
• Pavlo Teteria (1663–1665) (in the Right-bank Ukraine)
• Petro Doroshenko (1665–1672) (in the Right-bank Ukraine)
• Ivan Briukhovetsky (1663-1668)
• Demian Mnohohrishny (1669-1672)
• Mykhailo Khanenko (1669-1674) (in the Right-bank Ukraine)
• Ivan Samoylovych (1672–1687)
• Ivan Mazepa (1687–1709) led a failed attempt to win Ukrainian independence from Russia by siding with the Swedes against Peter I of Russia.
• Pylyp Orlyk Briefly successor of Hetman Ivan Mazepa.
• Ivan Skoropadsky (1709–1722)
• Pavlo Polubotok (1722–1724) as Acting Hetman
• Danylo Apostol (1727–1734)
• Kyrylo Rozumovsky (1750–1764)

See also

• Bulawa
• Hetmans of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
• Kosh otaman
• History of Cossacks
• Zaporizhian Host
• Zaporizhian Sich
• List of Ukrainian rulers

External links

• Encyclopedia of Ukraine