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hoard

  (hôrd, hōrd) pronunciation
n.

A hidden fund or supply stored for future use; a cache.


v., hoard·ed, hoard·ing, hoards.

v.intr.

To gather or accumulate a hoard.

v.tr.
  1. To accumulate a hoard of.
  2. To keep hidden or private.

[Middle English hord, from Old English.]

hoarder hoard'er n.
 
 
Thesaurus: hoard

noun

    A supply stored or hidden for future use: backlog, cache, inventory, nest egg, reserve, reservoir, stock, stockpile, store, treasure. Slang stash. See collect/distribute.

verb

    To store up (supplies or money), usually well beyond one's needs: squirrel (away), stockpile, treasure. Slang stash. See collect/distribute, give/take/reciprocity.

 
Antonyms: hoard

n

Definition: stockpile
Antonyms: debt

v

Definition: put away, accumulate
Antonyms: expend, spend, squander, throw away, waste


 

[Ar]

The term applied to a deliberate deposit of complete and/or broken objects buried in the ground at one time for subsequent recovery or as a symbolic act. Hoards of metal objects are especially common during the European Bronze Age, and several different types have been recognized: for example, merchant's hoards, founder's hoards, personal hoards, weapon hoards, and votive hoards.

 
Word Tutor: hoard
pronunciation

IN BRIEF: To save or hide away, especially secretly.

pronunciation I will hoard my power like a miser, resisting every effort to drain it away from me. — William F. Buckley

Tutor's tip: The "horde" (large crowd) resisted to reveal the location of their "hoard" (well-protected stock of valuables).

 
Wikipedia: hoard

In archaeology, a hoard is a collection of artifacts purposely buried in the ground. This would usually be with the intention of later recovery by the hoarder; hoarders sometimes died before retrieving the hoard, and these surviving hoards may be uncovered by metal-detectorists, members of the public and archaeologists much later. Forgetfulness and physical displacement from the location of the hoard may contribute to failing to retrieve it.

Hoards provide a useful method of providing dates for artifacts through association as they can usually be assumed to be contemporary and therefore used in creating chronologies. Hoards can also be considered an indicator of the relative degree of unrest in ancient societies. Thus conditions in 5th and 6th century Britain spurred the burial of hoards of which the most famous are the Hoxne Hoard, Suffolk; the Mildenhall Treasure, the Fishpool Hoard, Nottinghamshire, the Water Newton hoard, Cambridgeshire, and the Cuerdale Hoard, Lancashire, all preserved in the British Museum.

Prudence Harper of the Metropolitan Museum of Art voiced some practical reservations about hoards at the time of the Soviet exhibition of Scythian gold in New York, 1975. Writing of the so-called "Maikop treasure" acquired from three separate sources by three museums early in the twentieth century, the Berliner Museen, the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, and the Metropolitan Museum, New York, Harper warned

"By the time "hoards" or "treasures" reach museums from the antiquities market, it often happens that miscellaneous objects varying in date and style have become attached to the original group."[1]

Classification

Hoards may be of precious metals, coinage, tools or more rarely, pottery. There are various classifications depending on the nature of the hoard.

A founder's hoard contains broken or unfit metal objects, ingots, casting waste, and often complete objects, in a finished state. These were probably buried with the intention to recover at a later time.

A merchant's hoard is a collection of various functional items which, it is conjectured, were buried by a traveling merchant for safety, with the intention of later retrieval.

A personal hoard is a collection of personal objects buried for safety in times of unrest.

A hoard of loot is a buried collection of spoils from raiding and is more in keeping with the popular idea of "buried treasure".

Votive hoards are different from the above in that they represent purposeful deposition of items, either all at once or over time for ritual purposes, without intent to recover them. Furthermore, votive hoards need not be "manufactured" goods, but can include organic amulets and animal remains. Votive hoards are often distinguished from more functional deposits by the nature of the goods themselves (from animal bones to diminutive artifacts), the places buried (being often associated with watery places, burial mounds and boundaries), and the treatment of the deposit (careful or haphazard placement and whether ritually destroyed/broken).

Notes

  1. ^ From the Lands of the Scythians; special edition of The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin xxxii no. 5, 1975.

 
Translations: Translations for: Hoard

Dansk (Danish)
n. - opsparet beholdning, fond
v. intr. - hamstre
v. tr. - ophobe, oplagre

Nederlands (Dutch)
geheime bewaarplaats, grote hoeveelheid, voorraad inslaan, hamsteren, oppotten, gevoelens koesteren, verzamelen

Français (French)
n. - trésor, provisions
v. intr. - amasser, stocker
v. tr. - amasser, stocker, amasser (de l'argent), thésauriser (littér), amasser (objets)

Deutsch (German)
n. - Vorrat
v. - hamstern, horten

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - θησαυρός, σωρός, απόθεμα
v. - συσσωρεύω, θησαυρίζω, αποκρύπτω, αποθησαυρίζω, μαζεύω, βάζω στην μπάντα

Italiano (Italian)
ammassare

Português (Portuguese)
n. - pecúlio (m), mealheiro (m)
v. - açambarcar, amealhar

Русский (Russian)
запас, тайный склад, запасать, копить

Español (Spanish)
n. - acumulación, provisión, tesoro escondido
v. intr. - acaparar, acumular, amontonar
v. tr. - acaparar, acumular, amontonar

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - lager, gömställe, samling, depåfynd (arkeol.)
v. - samla ihop, hamstra, tesaurera (ekon.)

中文(简体) (Chinese (Simplified))
贮藏物, 密藏的金钱, 窖藏, 积聚钱财, 贮藏货物, 贮藏, 聚藏, 隐藏

中文(繁體) (Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 貯藏物, 密藏的金錢, 窖藏
v. intr. - 積聚錢財, 貯藏貨物
v. tr. - 貯藏, 聚藏, 隱藏

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 축적, 저장물, 온축
v. intr. - 축적하다, 매점하다
v. tr. - 저장하다, 사장하다, ~을 가슴에 간직하다

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 蓄え, 秘蔵, 貯蔵物, 蓄積
v. - 蓄える, 貯蔵する

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) ذخيرة, مؤونه (فعل) يدخر, يختزن‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮מטמון, אוצר, מצבור עובדות וכו'‬
v. intr. - ‮אגר למעלה מהדרוש לו בעת מחסור‬
v. tr. - ‮אגר, צבר, אגר למעלה מהדרוש לו בעת מחסור, אגר במוחו‬


 
 

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Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Thesaurus. Roget's II: The New Thesaurus, Third Edition by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionary Copyright © 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Answers Corporation Antonyms. © 1999-2008 by Answers Corporation. All rights reserved.  Read more
Archaeology Dictionary. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology. Copyright © 2002, 2003 by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.  Read more
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