| Hochelaga | |
|---|---|
| — Village — | |
 |
|
| Coordinates: 45°30′N 73°40′W / 45.5°N 73.667°W | |
| Country |  Canada |
| Province |  Quebec |
| Region | Montréal |
| Established | ? |
| Dissolved | 16th century |
| Highest elevation | 233 m (764 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 6 m (20 ft) |
| Time zone | EST (UTC−5) |
| - Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC−4) |
Hochelaga was a St. Lawrence Iroquoian fortified village near present-day Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
History
Its first European contact was by a French expedition led by Jacques Cartier in 1535. The village still existed when Cartier revisited the region a few years later. However, by the time of the arrival of Samuel de Champlain and the founding of Quebec in 1608, and subsequently that of Ville-Marie in 1642 by Paul Chomedey, sieur de Maisonneuve, which later became the present-day city of Montreal, there was no longer any trace of the St. Lawrence Iroquoians who were visited by Jacques Cartier some 75 years earlier, including those who had inhabited Hochelaga. Their disappearance has spawned several theories, including devastating wars with the Iroquois tribes to the south or with the Hurons to the West, the impact of Old World diseases, or their migration westward toward the shores of the Great Lakes.
Archeological evidence points most strongly to devastating wars with the neighbouring Mohawk, Iroquois and Huron tribes in an attempt to control the trade routes with Europeans. In the mid to late 16th century, the St. Lawrence Valley had probably become a very dangerous area and the St. Lawrence Iroquoians seemingly paid the price. It would also appear that some of the St. Lawrence Iroquoian survivors were probably taken in by the neighbouring Huron, Mohawk and Algonquin tribes, by force or by mutual agreement.
At the time of Samuel de Champlain's arrival, both Algonquins and Mohawks hunted in the Saint Lawrence Valley and conducted raids, but neither had any permanent settlements. The exact location of Hochelaga remains unknown.
Hochelaga-Maisonneuve is now a neighbourhood of Montreal.
See also
hochelaga at the time of cartier's visit was a prosperous huronian trading station, but was not described as 'fortified;.
the hurons were periodically under attack by the iroquois.
at the time of champlain's establishment of the habitation at quebec, hochelaga had been abandoned by the hurons due to its indefensibility.
in subsequent years champlain allied the french in the huron campaigns against the iroquois. chanplain was injured in one battle near sacketts harbor (NY)
References
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This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations where appropriate. (October 2009) |
- Cartier, Jacques. (1545). Relation originale de Jacques Cartier. Paris: Tross (1863 version, in French).
- Newton, Mark. (2007). "Where was Hochelaga?", Canadian Geographic. Volume 114, numéro 6. Pages 63-68.
- Pendergast, James F. (1998). "The Confusing Identities Attributed to Stadacona and Hochelaga", Revue d'études canadiennes. Volume 32. Pages 149-167.
- Pendergast, James F. et Bruce G. Trigger. (1972). Cartier's Hochelaga and the Dawson Site. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press. ISBN 0773500700
Coordinates: 45°34′11.3″N 73°32′17″W / 45.569806°N 73.53806°W
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