(b Vienna, 27 July 1863; d Vienna, 11 July 1918). Austrian photographer. From 1882 to 1887 he studied physics, chemistry, astronomy and mathematics in Vienna and Jena, obtaining his doctorate in 1888. He began photography in 1887 and first exhibited his work in Salzburg in 1893. In 1894 he became a member of the LINKED RING. Through the Wiener Camera-Klub he met Hans Watzek in 1891 and Heinrich K?hn in 1894, the three forming a group that exhibited under the names of Das Kleeblatt and Trifolium from 1897 to 1903 and toured Germany, Italy and the Netherlands. On seeing Robert Demachy's gum prints, he experimented in the medium, partly in collaboration with Watzek and K?hn. Landscape remained his preferred subject. He exhibited three-coloured gum prints with the Vienna Secession in 1902 and joined the new Wiener Photo-Klub in 1904. He made regular contributions to the Wiener photographische Bl?tter from 1895 to 1898. By 1910 he had given up photography and turned to wood-engraving and etching.
See the Abbreviations for further details.
