(anatomy) An extrinsic muscle of the tongue arising from the hyoid bone.
Hyoglossus
| Sci-Tech Dictionary: hyoglossus |
(′hī·ō′glä·səs)
| 5min Related Video: Hyoglossus |
| Dental Dictionary: hyoglossus muscle |
(hī′-ōglôs′əs)
n
n
An extrinsic tongue muscle that originates from the hyoid bone and extends on the lateral surface of the body of the tongue. It depresses the tongue during mastication and speech.
| Medical Dictionary: hy·o·glos·sus muscle |
(hī'ō-glŏs'əs) or hyoglossal muscle
n.
n.
A muscle with origin from the hyoid bone, with insertion to the side of the tongue, with nerve supply from the hypoglossal nerve, and whose action retracts and pulls down the side of the tongue.
| Wikipedia: Hyoglossus |
| Hyoglossus | |
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| Extrinsic muscles of the tongue. Left side. (Hyoglossus visible at center.) | |
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| Muscles of the neck. Anterior view. Hyoglossal muscle in purple | |
| Latin | musculus hyoglossus |
| Gray's | subject #242 1129 |
| Origin | Hyoid |
| Insertion | side of the tongue |
| Artery | |
| Nerve | Hypoglossal (CN XII) |
| Actions | depresses and retracts the tongue |
The Hyoglossus, thin and quadrilateral, arises from the side of the body and from the whole length of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone, and passes almost vertically upward to enter the side of the tongue, between the Styloglossus and Longitudinalis inferior.
The hyoglossus depresses and retracts the tongue makes the dorsum more convex
The fibers arising from the body of the hyoid bone overlap those from the greater cornu.
It is important in singing.
Structures passing medially to the hyoglossus muscle are the lingual vein and lingual artery. Laterally, in between the hyoglossus muscle and the mylohyoid muscle lay several important structures (from superior in inferior): submandibular gland, submandibular duct, lingual nerve, vena comitans of hypoglossal nerve, and the hypoglossal nerve. Note, posteriorly, the lingual nerve is superior to the submandibular duct and a portion of the submandibular salivary gland protrudes into the space between the hyoglossus and mylohyoid muscles.
Additional images
 Hyoid bone. Anterior surface. Enlarged. |
 Muscles of the neck. Lateral view. |
 The internal carotid and vertebral arteries. Right side. |
 Distribution of the maxillary and mandibular nerves, and the submaxillary ganglion. |
 Course and distribution of the glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerves. |
 Hypoglossal nerve, cervical plexus, and their branches. |
 Coronal section of tongue, showing intrinsic muscles. |
External links
- LUC hyog
- -187695025 at GPnotebook
- SUNY Figs 34:02-09
- Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, at Elsevier 25420.000-1
- Diagram
- Hyoglossus Muscle
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated.
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 | Sci-Tech Dictionary. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms. Copyright © 2003, 1994, 1989, 1984, 1978, 1976, 1974 by McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Dental Dictionary. Mosby's Dental Dictionary. Copyright © 2004 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Medical Dictionary. The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Read more |
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| Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Hyoglossus". Read more |
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