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Hypaxial

 
Dictionary: Hy·pax·i·al

a.

[Hypo- + axial.]
(Anat.) Beneath the axis of the skeleton; subvertebral; hyposkeletal.


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Veterinary Dictionary: hypaxial
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Beneath an axis, as the axis of the vertebral column.

Wikipedia: Hypaxial
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Trunk muscles can be broadly divided into hypaxial muscle, which lie ventral to the transverse processes of the vertebrae and epaxial muscles, which lie dorsal to the transverse process of the vertebrae. Hypaxial muscles include some vertebral muscles, the diaphragm, the abdominal muscles, and all limb muscles. Epaxial muscles include other (dorsal) muscles associated with the vertebrae, ribs, and base of the skull.

Location

The hypaxial muscles are located on the lower side of the body, often below the horizontal septum in many species (primarily fish and amphibians). In amniotes, the positional distinctions have been lost as the body's muscles have changed through evolution, but in all species, the hypaxial muscles are innervated by the ventral ramus of the spinal nerves, while the epaxial muscles are innervated by the dorsal ramus.



 
 
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hyposkeletal
subvertebral
Muscular system (anatomy)

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Copyrights:

Dictionary. Webster 1913 Dictionary edited by Patrick J. Cassidy  Read more
Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Hypaxial" Read more