The interferon-α/β receptor (IFNAR) is a receptor which binds type I interferons including interferon-α and -β. It is a heteromeric receptor composed of one chain with two subunits referred to as IFNAR1 and IFNAR2.[2] It is a cell surface receptor. Binding of cytokine follows a JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Interferon stimulation results in a immunologic response that is especially associated with viruses.
Structure
The structure was obtained using NMR. Originally 35 conformers were calculated. This was narrowed to 22 with low energy being the criteria. It was the first helical cytokine receptor's structure to be determined in solution. The molecule has one polymer The structure reveals the nature of binding. A model of the IFNAR2 reveals a predominantly hydrophobic patch on the receptor that interacts with a matching hydrophobic surface on IFN-alpha. An adjacent motif of charged side chains then guides the proteins into a tight complex. The binding interface may account for crossreactivity and ligand specificity of the receptor. The source for experiments was human but was expressed in Escherichia coli.
SCOP Classification
IFNAR is clustered into the group beta proteins based on its secondary structural content. IFNAR's folds show a clear evolutionary relationship to the Immunoglobulin beta-sandwich. It is grouped into the superfamily and family Fibronectin type III based on structural and functional similarities that show probable common evolution. The domain, or evolutionary unit observed in nature, is the Interferon-alpha/beta receptor beta chain. Species was human.
References
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Transmembrane receptors: immune receptors |
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| Cytokine receptor |
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Interleukins ( 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 21, 23, 27)
CSF receptors (EPO, GM-CSF, G-CSF)
GH · prolactin · Oncostatin M · Leukemia inhibitory factor
common subunits ( Common gamma chain, common beta chain, gp130)
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