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| Interleukin 1, alpha | ||||||||||||||
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| PDB rendering based on 2ila. | ||||||||||||||
| Available structures | ||||||||||||||
| 2ila | ||||||||||||||
| Identifiers | ||||||||||||||
| Symbols | IL1A; IL-1A; IL1; IL1-ALPHA; IL1F1 | |||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 147760 MGI: 96542 HomoloGene: 480 | |||||||||||||
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| RNA expression pattern | ||||||||||||||
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| More reference expression data | ||||||||||||||
| Orthologs | ||||||||||||||
| Species | Human | Mouse | ||||||||||||
| Entrez | 3552 | 16175 | ||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENSG00000115008 | ENSMUSG00000027399 | ||||||||||||
| UniProt | P01583 | Q3U0Y6 | ||||||||||||
| RefSeq | NM_000575 (mRNA) | NM_010554 (mRNA) | ||||||||||||
| NP_000566 (protein) | NP_034684 (protein) | |||||||||||||
| Location | Chr 2: 113.25 - 113.26 Mb |
Chr 2: 128.99 - 129 Mb |
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| PubMed search | [1] | [2] | ||||||||||||
Interleukin-1 alpha (hematopoietin-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL1A gene.[1][2]
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. This cytokine is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in various immune responses, inflammatory processes, and hematopoiesis. This cytokine is produced by monocytes and macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed and released in response to cell injury, and thus induces apoptosis. This gene and eight other interleukin 1 family genes form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 2. It has been suggested that the polymorphism of these genes is associated with rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimer's disease.[3]
Additionally IL-1 alpha is essential for maintenance of skin barrier function, especially with increasing age.[4]
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Structure
IL1A is synthesised as a 33-kDa precursor (Pro-IL1A), which is proteolytically] cleaved by calpain to either secreted matured protein and shorter N-terminal domain which is actively transported to cell nucleus. N-terminal domain plays role in regulation of transcription.
Interactions
IL1A has been shown to interact with NDN[5], HAX1.[6] and Interleukin-1 receptor
See also
References
- ^ Nicklin MJ, Weith A, Duff GW (Jun 1994). "A physical map of the region encompassing the human interleukin-1 alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist genes". Genomics 19 (2): 382–4. doi:. PMID 8188271.
- ^ March CJ, Mosley B, Larsen A, Cerretti DP, Braedt G, Price V, Gillis S, Henney CS, Kronheim SR, Grabstein K, et al. (Aug 1985). "Cloning, sequence and expression of two distinct human interleukin-1 complementary DNAs". Nature 315 (6021): 641–7. PMID 2989698.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: IL1A interleukin 1, alpha". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3552.
- ^ Chantel O Barland, Elizabeth Zettersten, Barbara S Brown, Jianqin Ye, Peter M Elias and Ruby Ghadially: Imiquimod-induced interleukin-1α stimulation improves barrier homeostasis in aged murine epidermis . In: Journal of Investigative Dermatology . 122, No. 2, 21 December 2009, p. 330–336 (PMID 15009713).
- ^ Hu, Bo; Wang Shuhui, Zhang Yingze, Feghali Carol A, Dingman Jeffrey R, Wright Timothy M (Aug. 2003). "A nuclear target for interleukin-1alpha: interaction with the growth suppressor necdin modulates proliferation and collagen expression". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (United States) 100 (17): 10008–13. doi:. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 12913118.
- ^ Yin, H; Morioka H, Towle C A, Vidal M, Watanabe T, Weissbach L (Aug. 2001). "Evidence that HAX-1 is an interleukin-1 alpha N-terminal binding protein". Cytokine (United States) 15 (3): 122–37. doi:. ISSN 1043-4666. PMID 11554782.
Further reading
- Verweij CL, Bayley JP, Bakker A, Kaijzel EL (2002). "Allele specific regulation of cytokine genes: monoallelic expression of the IL-1A gene.". Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 495: 129–39. PMID 11774556.
- Griffin WS, Mrak RE (2002). "Interleukin-1 in the genesis and progression of and risk for development of neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer's disease.". J. Leukoc. Biol. 72 (2): 233–8. PMID 12149413.
- Arend WP (2003). "The balance between IL-1 and IL-1Ra in disease.". Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 13 (4-5): 323–40. doi:. PMID 12220547.
- Copeland KF (2006). "Modulation of HIV-1 transcription by cytokines and chemokines.". Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry 5 (12): 1093–101. doi:. PMID 16375755.
- Schmidt DR, Kao WJ (2007). "The interrelated role of fibronectin and interleukin-1 in biomaterial-modulated macrophage function.". Biomaterials 28 (3): 371–82. doi:. PMID 16978691.
- Huynh-Ba G, Lang NP, Tonetti MS, Salvi GE (2007). "The association of the composite IL-1 genotype with periodontitis progression and/or treatment outcomes: a systematic review.". J. Clin. Periodontol. 34 (4): 305–17. doi:. PMID 17378887.
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External links
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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