Iliacus muscle

Iliacus muscle
The iliacus and nearby muscles
Right hip bone. Internal surface. (Iliac fossa visible at upper left.)
Latin	musculus iliacus
Gray's	subject #127 467
Origin	iliac fossa
Insertion	lesser trochanter of femur
Artery	medial femoral circumflex artery, iliac branch of iliolumbar artery
Nerve	femoral nerve
Actions	flexes and rotates laterally thigh
Antagonist	Gluteus maximus

The iliacus is a flat, triangular muscle which fills the iliac fossa.

Course

The iliacus arises from the iliac fossa on the interior side of the hip bone, and also from the region of the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS). It joins the psoas major to form the Iliopsoas as which it proceeds across the iliopubic eminence through the muscular lacuna to its insertion on the lesser trochanter of the femur. Its fibers are often inserted in front of those of the psoas major and extends distally over the lesser trochanter. ^[1]

Action

As part of the iliopsoas , the iliacus is important for lifting (flexing) the leg forward. However, the iliopsoas also bends the trunk forward and can lift the trunk from a lying posture (i.e. sit-ups) because the psoas major crosses several vertebral joints and the sacroiliac joint. From its origin in the lesser pelvis the iliacus acts exclusively on the hip joint. ^[1]

Innervation

The ilipsoas is innervated by the femoral nerve and direct branches from the lumbar plexus.^[2]

Notes

References

• Platzer, Werner (2004). Color Atlas of Human Anatomy, Vol. 1: Locomotor System (5th ed.). Thieme. ISBN 3-13-533305-1. 
• Thieme Atlas of Anatomy: General Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System. Thieme. 2006. ISBN 1-58890-419-9. 

External links

• LUC ilia
• -181075889 at GPnotebook
• PTCentral
• SUNY Figs 40:07-05 - "Muscles and nerves of the posterior abdominal wall."
• pelvis at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (femalepelvicdiaphragm, malepelvicdiaphragm)

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