Internal alchemy, also called spiritual alchemy, (內丹術 - nèi dān shù Traditional Chinese, 內丹术 - Simplified Chinese) is a term used for different esoteric disciplines focused on balancing internal and spiritual energies. In China, it is an important form of practice for most schools of Taoism. In Europe, it is considered to be a central mystical practice of Rosicrucianism and Hermeticism.[1] Historically, it has borrowed the symbolism and terminology of classical alchemy, employing them in process and metaphor to spiritual development.[2]
The term is also used to translate various terms used in the native languages of some east Asian Taoist and Buddhist practices. Neidan and Tantra are considered forms of internal alchemy, but western commentators often focus on sexual practices.[3]
Concepts
Internal alchemy, like the more general alchemy from which it derived, focuses on transmuting energies and substances. The practices focus on restoring balance and elevating spiritual vitality. The goals of internal alchemy are enlightenment, improved health, longevity, and peacefulness. Practitioners often seek immortality or reunion with God or another divine source.[4]
The energies and substances of the body are described in metaphor. Elements, metals, and humours have all been used to classify and define characteristics of the human system. Internal alchemists map the body, noting which routes energy move through and which areas are associated with particular "elements". Examples include the Sephiroth of Kabbalah, the seven seals of esoteric Christianity, the seven Hindu chakras and the Chinese meridians.
Medicinal alchemy
In many cultures, notably those of the East, diseases and medical ailments were thought to be due to imbalance in the afflicted person's internal alchemy, or a weakness of one's life spirit. Consequently, medical treatments were a mix of supernatural appeals and pharmacology, using spells, amulets, and repulsive herbs to "banish" evil influence or strengthen the spirit.
Notes
- ^ Rosicrucian Alchemy and the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn by Jean-Pascal Ruggiu, Imperator of Ahathöor Temple No. 7, Paris, France
- ^ Whitcomb, Bill. The Magician's Companion: A Practical and Encyclopedic Guide to Magical and Religious Symbolism. Llewellyn Publications, 1993. ISBN 0875428681.
- ^ Tyson, Donald. Sexual Alchemy: Magical Intercourse with Spirits. Llewellyn Publications, 2000. ISBN 1567187412.
- ^ The True Nature of Hermetic Alchemy by David Griffin, Chief Adept of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn
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