In many parts of Ireland there are bus lanes, particularly in the cities. Dublin has very many bus lanes.

Lanes are typically 8' wide. Hiway lanes are 10'

No. That would be a 4 lane road. 2 lane road is just that 2 lanes. One in each direction.

HOV lanes are indicated by diamonds on pavement and on road signs; sometimes the lanes are called "diamond lanes."

The Paris ring road has usually three lanes in each direction. In some sections it has four lanes instead of three.