"Iron rice bowl" (simplified Chinese: 铁饭碗; traditional Chinese: 鐵飯碗; pinyin: tiě fàn wǎn) is a Chinese term used to refer to an occupation with guaranteed job security, as well as steady income and benefits.[1] Traditionally, people considered to have iron rice bowls include military personnel, members of the civil service, as well as employees of various state run enterprises (through the mechanism of the work unit).[2]
Recent moves at cutting benefits and privatization of various state run businesses in Taiwan such as the Taiwan Railway Administration and China Airlines have led many in those industries to believe that their iron rice bowls are in jeopardy, and has led to strikes (and threats thereof), as well as being the subject of much political debate.
When Deng Xiaoping began his labor reforms in the People's Republic of China in the 1980s, the government iron rice bowl jobs were some of the first to go.[citation needed] A large majority of these people became migratory workers, moving from job to job in great masses.[citation needed]
As a condition for joining the WTO in 2001, China had to "break the Iron Rice bowl", a step that was disputed by some economists.[3][4]
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Other uses
In Western society, the term enjoys similar usage. It has been popularized by Richard Lindzen in reference to government funded scientists and labs that use their research results to justify continued government funding. Lindzen's thesis is that the intrinsic link between reporting and funding provides incentives to report research results in such a way as to ensure continued funding.[5] The related term rice bowl often refers to a military project which is being protected in the interests of a particular department rather than wider needs.[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b "rice bowl". Double-Tongued Dictionary. http://www.doubletongued.org/index.php/dictionary/rice_bowl/. Retrieved 2007-01-02.
- ^ "China's communist revolution: a glossary". The People's Republic at 50: Special report. BBC News. 6 October, 1999. http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/special_report/1999/09/99/china_50/iron.htm.
- ^ Kim Petersen (August 18, 2003). "The Broken Iron Rice Bowl". Dissident Voice. http://www.dissidentvoice.org/Articles7/Petersen_China-Growth.htm.
- ^ Martine Bulard (January 2006). "China breaks the iron rice bowl". Le Monde diplomatique.
- ^ Richard S. Lindzen (December 1, 2004). "Climate Alarm- Where Does It Come From? (remarks to the George C. Marshall Institute)". http://www.marshall.org/article.php?id=264.
External links
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- 'Iron Rice Bowl' returns in China — by Venkatesan Vembu, Daily News & Analysis, November 27, 2007.
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