(born Oct. 25, 1692, Parma, Duchy of Parma — died July 11, 1766, Aranjuez, Spain) Queen consort of
Philip V of Spain. A member of the ducal
Farnese family of Parma, she became Philip's second wife in 1714 and quickly established ascendancy over her weak husband. Because his two sons by his first wife were in line to succeed him, she sought to secure Italian possessions for her own children, including
Charles III. This quest embroiled Spain in wars and intrigues for three decades. However, she chose able and devoted ministers, who introduced beneficial internal reforms and improved Spain's economy. After Philip's death in 1746, she ceased to exert any real influence.
For more information on Isabella Farnese, visit Britannica.com.