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Adam or Adem (Arabic آدم), also spelt Aadam, is the first prophet of Islam[1] and mentioned in the Qur'an as the husband of Eve (Hawwa).
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Aadam in the Qur'an
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The story of Adam can be found in the Qur'an, Surah 2, Ayat 30-37 and Surah 7, Ayat 10-27.
Iblees
2:34
{cquote| وَإِذۡ قُلۡنَا لِلۡمَلَـٰٓٮِٕكَةِ ٱسۡجُدُواْ لِأَدَمَ فَسَجَدُوٓاْ إِلَّآ إِبۡلِيسَ أَبَىٰ وَٱسۡتَكۡبَرَ وَكَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡكَـٰفِرِينَ (٣٤)}
And (remember) when We said to the angels: "Prostrate yourselves before Aadam." And they prostrated except Iblees (Satan), he refused and was proud and was one of the disbelievers.
7:11 Walaqad khalaqnakum thumma sawwarnakum thumma qulna lilmalaikati osjudoo liaadama fasajadoo illa ibleesa lam yakun mina alssajideena
It is We Who created you and gave you shape; then We bade the angels bow down to Aadam, and they bowed down; not so Iblees; He refused to be of those who bow down.
15:31 Illa ibleesa aba an yakoona maAAa alssajideena
Not so Iblees: he refused to be among those who prostrated themselves.
15:32 Qala ya ibleesu ma laka alla takoona maAAa alssajideena
((Allah)) said: "O Iblees! what is your reason for not being among those who prostrated themselves?"
38:74 Illa ibleesa istakbara wakana mina alkafireena
Not so Iblees: he was haughty, and became one of those who reject Faith.
38:75 Qala ya ibleesu ma manaAAaka an tasjuda lima khalaqtu biyadayya astakbarta am kunta mina alAAaleena
((Allah)) said: "O Iblees! What prevents thee from prostrating thyself to one whom I have created with my hands? Art thou haughty? Or art thou one of the high (and mighty) ones?" [2]
Adam in Hadith
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Adam takes a prominent role in Islamic traditions concerning the fall of Satan. In these, when God announces his intention of creating Adam, some of the angels express dismay, asking why God would create a being that would do evil. Teaching Adam the names reassures the angels as to Adam's abilities, though commentators[who?] dispute which particular names were involved; various theories say they were the names of all things animate and inanimate, the names of the angels, the names of his own descendants, or the names of God. Others[who?] believe he was given the gift of speech to separate himself from all other animals.
In the Muslim tradition, Satan, is regarded as a djinn made out of fire, rather than an angel made out of light. This supports the Islamic notion of angels being creations that would not be accountable since they lack free will. When God commands the angels to bow to Adam, Satan is also present and refuses due to his pride, and is summarily banished from the heavens. Liberal movements within Islam have viewed God's commanding the angels to bow before Adam as an exaltation of humanity, and as a means of supporting human rights.
Al-Qummi records the opinion that Eden was not on earth but in heaven. After disobeying God, God sends Adam and Eve to earth, arriving first at mountain peaks outside Mecca; Adam on Safa, and Eve on Marwa. In this account, Adam remained weeping for 40 days, until he repented, at which point God rewarded him by sending down the Kaaba, and teaching him the hajj. The Quran does not mention Adam's weeping but it does mention the forgiveness he was granted.
The Qur'an also describes the two sons of Adam (named Qabil and Habil in Islamic tradition, but not mentioned by name in the Qur'an) that correspond to Cain and Abel.
See also
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References
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