Israeli legislative election, 1988
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Elections for the twelfth Knesset were held in Israel on 1 November, 1988. Voter turnout was 78.9%.
Results
| Party | Votes | % | Seats at start of session |
Seats at end of session |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Likud 1 6 7 | 709,305 | 31.1% | 40 | 38 |
| Alignment 6 7 | 685,363 | 30.0% | 39 | 38 |
| Shas 2 | 107,709 | 4.7% | 6 | 5 |
| Agudat Israel 3 | 102,714 | 4.5% | 5 | 4 |
| Ratz 4 | 97,513 | 4.3% | 4 | 0 |
| National Religious Party | 89,720 | 3.9% | 5 | 5 |
| Hadash 5 | 84,032 | 3.7% | 4 | 3 |
| Tehiya | 70,730 | 3.1% | 3 | 3 |
| Mapam 4 | 56,345 | 2.5% | 3 | 0 |
| Tzomet | 45,489 | 2.0% | 2 | 2 |
| Moledet | 44,174 | 1.9% | 2 | 2 |
| Shinui 4 6 | 39,538 | 1.7% | 1 | 0 |
| Degel HaTorah | 34,279 | 1.5% | 2 | 2 |
| Progressive List for Peace | 33,279 | 1.5% | 1 | 1 |
| Arab Democratic Party | 27,012 | 1.2% | 1 | 1 |
| Non-qualifiers | 55,921 | 2.5% | - | - |
| Total | 2,283,123 | 100% | 120 | 120 |
| Meretz 4 | - | - | 0 | 10 |
| New Liberal Party 1 | - | - | 0 | 3 |
| Moriah 2 | - | - | 0 | 1 |
| Black Panthers 5 | - | - | 0 | 1 |
| Geulat Israel 3 | - | - | 0 | 1 |
| Unity for Peace and Immigration 7 | - | - | 0 | 0 |
1 Five members of the Likud left to form the Party for the Advancement of the Zionist Idea; after two returned, the party was renamed the New Liberal Party. One member moved from the Alignment to the Likud.
2 One MK left Shas and established Moriah.
3 One MK left Agudat Israel and established Geulat Israel.
4 Ratz, Mapam, and Shinui merged into Meretz.
5 Black Panthers broke away from Hadash.
6 One member of Shinui moved to Ratz and one moved to Shinui from the Alignment.
7 Unity for Peace and Immigration broke away from the Alignment and merged into Likud.
Non-qualifiers
- Tarshish (700 votes)
The Twelfth Knesset
Likud's Yitzhak Shamir formed the 23rd government on 22 December, 1988, including the Alignment, the National Religious Party, Shas, Agudat Israel and Degel HaTorah in his coalition, with 25 ministers.
In 1990 Shimon Peres tried to form a Alignment-led coalition, but failed to win sufficient support. Eventually Shamir formed the 24th government on 11 June, 1990, with a coalition encompassing Likud, the National Religious Party, Shas, Agudat Israel, Degel HaTorah, the New Liberal Party, Tehiya, Tzomet, Moledet, Unity for Peace and Immigration and Geulat Israel. Tehiya, Tzomet and Moledet all left the coalition in late 1991/early 1992 in protest at Shamir's participation in the Madrid Conference.
The Twelfth Knesset saw the rise of the ultra-orthdox religious parties as a significant force in Israeli politics, and as a crucial "swing" element which could determine which of the large 2 secular parties (Likud, Alignment) would get to form the coalition government.
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