Ivan V of Russia

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Ivan V of Russia
Tsar of All Russia
Reign	7 May 1682 – 8 February 1696
Coronation	25 June 1682
Predecessor	Feodor III
Successor	Peter I
Spouse	Praskovia Saltykova
Issue
Tsarevna Maria Ivanovna Tsarevna Feodosia Ivanovna Tsarevna Catherine Ivanovna Anna Tsarevna Praskovia Ivanovna
Full name
Ivan V Alekseyevich
Father	Alexei Mikhailovich
Mother	Maria Miloslavskaya
Born	6 September 1666(1666-09-06) Moscow
Died	8 February 1696 (aged 29)
Burial	Archangel Cathedral

Ivan V Alekseyevich Romanov (Russian: Иван V Алексеевич, 6 September [O.S. 27 August] 1666 — 8 February [O.S. 29 January] 1696) was a joint tsar of Russia (with his younger half-brother Peter I) who co-reigned between 1682 and 1696. He was the youngest son of Alexis I of Russia and Maria Miloslavskaya. His reign was only formal, since he had serious physical and mental disabilities. He sat still for hours at a time ^[1] and needed assistance in order to walk.

Praskovia Saltykova Portrait by Ivan Nikitin

Ivan V was the 11th child of Tsar Alexis. As he was eye-sore and infirm, his capacity for supreme power was challenged by the party of the Naryshkins, who aspired to bring Natalia Naryshkina's son, Peter I, to the throne. Upon the death of Feodor III of Russia in April 1682, their enemies insinuated that the Naryshkins had Ivan strangled, thus fomenting the Moscow Uprising of 1682, which was put to an end only after Ivan was demonstrated by his relatives to the furious crowd.

Ivan had a very close relationship with his stepmother and half-brother/co-Tsar Peter. He did not really want to become Tsar but was persuaded to.

On 25 June the same year, Ivan and Peter were crowned in the Cathedral of the Dormition as "dvoetsarstvenniki" (double tsars). A special throne with two seats was executed for the occasion (now on display in the Kremlin Armoury). Although Ivan was considered the "senior tsar", actual power was wielded by his elder sister, Sophia Alekseyevna. In 1689, when she realized that power was slipping from her hands, she attempted to raise another riot, speculating that the Naryshkins had destroyed Ivan's crown and were poised to set his room on fire. However, Ivan's tutor, Prince Prozorovsky, persuaded him to change sides, whereupon Ivan declared his allegiance to his brother's cause.

During the last decade of his life, Ivan was completely overshadowed by the more energetic Peter I. He spent his days with his wife, Praskovia Saltykova, caring about little but "praying and fasting day and night". Ivan's purported debility did not prevent him from producing robust offspring in the shape of five daughters, one of whom — Anna Ivanovna — would assume the throne in 1730. At the age of 27 he was described by foreign ambassadors as senile, paralytic and almost blind. He died two years later and was interred in the Archangel Cathedral.

See also

• Tsars of Russia family tree

References

1. ^ Biography of Tsar Ivan V the Ignorant of Russia (1666-1696), half-brother of Peter the Great