| Metropolitan Area Residents | |
| 1980: | 362,000 |
| 1990: | 395,396 |
| 2000: | 440,801 |
| Percent change, 1990–2000: | 11.5% |
| U.S. rank in 1980: | 92nd |
| U.S. rank in 1990: | 92nd |
| U.S. rank in 2000: | 95th |
| City Residents | |
| 1980: | 202,895 |
| 1990: | 202,062 |
| 2000: | 184,256 |
| 2003 estimate: | 179,599 |
| Percent change, 1990–2000: | −8.8% |
| U.S. rank in 1980: | 71st |
| U.S. rank in 1990: | 78th (State rank: 1st) |
| U.S. rank in 2000 | 127th (State rank: 1st) |
| Density: | 1,756.4 people per square mile (2000) |
| Racial and ethnic characteristics | (2000) |
| White | 51,208 |
| Black or African American | 130,151 |
| American Indian and Alaska Native | 236 |
| Asian | 1,056 |
| Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander | 24 |
| Hispanic or Latino (may be of any race) | 1,451 |
| Other | 344 |
| Percent of residents born in state: | 82.9% (2000) |
| Age characteristics | (2000) |
| Poplation under 5 years old | 14,438 |
| Poplation 5 to 9 years old | 15,053 |
| Poplation 10 to 14 years old | 14,388 |
| Poplation 15 to 19 years old | 15,418 |
| Poplation 20 to 24 years old | 16,015 |
| Poplation 25 to 34 years old | 26,751 |
| Poplation 35 to 44 years old | 26,944 |
| Poplation 45 to 54 years old | 22,215 |
| Poplation 55 to 59 years old | 7,086 |
| Poplation 60 to 64 years old | 5,887 |
| Poplation 65 to 74 years old | 10,105 |
| Poplation 75 to 84 years old | 7,161 |
| Population 85 years and older | 2,795 |
| Median age | 31 years |
| Births | (2002) |
| Total number | 2,929 |
| Deaths | (2002) |
| Total number | 1,615 (of which, 36 were infants under the age of 1 year) |
| Money income | (1999) |
| Per capita income | $17,116 |
| Median household income | $30,414 |
| Total households | 67,782 |
| Number of households with income of . . . | |
| less than $10,000 | 11,415 |
| $10,000 to $14,999 | 5,901 |
| $15,000 to $24,999 | 10,934 |
| $25,000 to $34,999 | 9,617 |
| $35,000 to $49,999 | 10,756 |
| $50,000 to $74,999 | 10,081 |
| $75,000 to $99,999 | 4,158 |
| $100,000 to $149,999 | 2,561 |
| $150,000 to $199,999 | 808 |
| $200,000 or more | 1,551 |
| Percent of families below poverty level: | 16.6% (of which, 53.5% were female householder families with related children under 5 years) |
| 2002 FBI Crime Index Total: | 17,648 |
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