| Jalpaiguri | |||
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| Coordinates | 26°42′N 89°00′E / 26.7°N 89°E | ||
| Country |  India |
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| State | West Bengal | ||
| Headquarters | Jalpaiguri | ||
| Population • Density |
3,403,204 • 547 /km2 (1,417 /sq mi) |
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| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) | ||
| Area • Elevation |
• 145 m (476 ft) |
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Codes
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| ISO 3166-2 | JPG | ||
Jalpaiguri district (Bengali: জলপাইগুড়ি জেলা Jôlpaiguṛi) is the largest district of North Bengal, covering an area 6,245 km2. It is situated between 26° 16' and 27° 0' North latitudes and 88° 4' and 89° 53' East longitudes. The district was established in 1869.
The headquarters of the district are at Jalpaiguri town, which is also the divisional headquarter of north Bengal and has its special importance in respect of tourism, forest, hills, tea gardens, scenic beauty and a wide variety of tribes like the Totos, etc.
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Geography
Climate
The average annual rainfall is 3160 mm and the average temperature ranges from 30.9 to 10.8 degrees throughout the year. The average relative humidity is about 82%.
Topography
The entire topography is crisscrossed with rivulets, rivers and hills. Jalpaiguri - this narrow stretch of land lying between the Sikkim - Darjeeling Himalayas and Gangetic West Bengal has more than often evoked a sense of both eerie and romanticism in many a heart since the early British Rule. Veined by mighty rivers like the Teesta, Torsa, Jaldhaka, Dyna, Neora, Sankosh etc. this piece of land has been aptly named as the land of 'Tea, Timber and Tourism'. A major stretch of area is bordered in the north by Bhutan and hence the name - Dooars/Duars which mean - Door of Bhutan.
Transport
It is well connected by rail, road and air from any part of the country. One can avail train up to Jalpaiguri / Jalpaiguri Road / New Jalpaiguri Stn. By road it is well connected with rest of the country. Air travel is available up to Bagdogra (Siliguri) and from there it is well connected by a 58 km. road.
History
The name Jalpaiguri came from the Rajbongshi/Kamatapuri word "jalpai" means "olive" which grew in the town and were seen even in 1900. The suffix "guri" means a place. Jalapaiguri is one of the part of the ancient "Koch Rajbongshi" Kingdom i.e "Kamatapur". Presently Jalpaiguri is the part of West Bengal which is situated in North-Bengal mostly habitated by the Rajbongshi community of this area. The name as well be associated with Jalpesh, the presiding deity (Shiva) of the entire region.
The district situated in the northern part of West Bengal has international borders with Bhutan and Bangladesh in the North and South respectively and borders with Assam and Darjeeling hills in the East, West and Northwest.
Subdivisions
The district comprises four subdivisions: Jalpaiguri Sadar, Mainaguri, Malbazar and Alipurduar.
Jalpaiguri Sadar consists of Jalpaiguri and Rajganj municipalities and Jalpaiguri, Mandalghat, Belakoba and Rajganj community development blocks.
Mainaguri subdivision consists of Mainaguri and Dhupguri municipalities and four community development blocks: Mainaguri and Dhupguri.
Malbazar subdivision, also known as Mal subdivision, consists of Malbazar municipality and four community development blocks: Mal, Chalsa, Metiali and Nagrakata.
Alipurduar subdivision consists of Alipurduar municipality and six community development blocks: Madarihat–Birpara, Alipurduar–I, Alipurduar–II, Falakata, Kalchini and Kumargram.[1]
Jalpaiguri is the district headquarters. There are 16 police stations, 13 development blocks,[2] 6 municipalities and 1 municipal corporation.
Each subdivision contains one municipality each along with community development blocks which in turn are divided into rural areas and census towns.[3] Siliguri municipal corporation, which lies mainly in Darjeeling district, has 15 out of 47 wards in Jalpaiguri district. In total there are 17 urban units: 4 municipalities, 1 municipal corporation, 12 census towns and 146 gram panchayats in this district. Also, Alipurduar city, Alipurduar Railway Junction, Sobhaganj, Chechakhata and Paschim Jitpur are part of a urban agglomeration.
Jalpaiguri Sadar subdivision
- Jalpaiguri: municipality
- Dhupguri: municipality
- Jalpaiguri community development block consists of rural areas only with 14 gram panchayats.
- Mainaguri community development block consists of rural areas with 16 gram panchayats and one census town: Mainaguri.
- Dhupguri community development block consists of rural areas with 16 gram panchayats and two census towns: Banarhat Tea Garden and Gairkata.
- Rajganj community development block consists of rural areas only with 16 gram panchayats.
Malbazar subdivision
- Mal: municipality
- Mal community development block consists of rural areas only with 12 gram panchayats.
- Metiali community development block consists of rural areas only with 5 gram panchayats.
- Nagrakata community development block consists of rural areas only with 5 gram panchayats.
Alipurduar subdivision
- Alipurduar: municipality
- Madarihat–Birpara community development block consists of rural areas only with 10 gram panchayats.
- Alipurduar–I community development block consists of rural areas with 11 gram panchayats and four census towns: Paschim Jitpur, Chechakhata, Alipurduar Railway Junction and Bholar Dabri.
- Alipurduar–II community development block consists of rural areas with 11 gram panchayats and one census town: Sobhaganj.
- Falakata community development block consists of rural areas with 12 gram panchayats and one census town: Falakata.
- Kalchini community development block consists of rural areas with 11 gram panchayats and two census towns: Jaygaon and Uttar Latabari.
- Kumargram community development block consists of rural areas with 11 gram panchayats and one census town: Uttar Kamakhyaguri.
Police stations
There are 16 police stations in the district, viz.:[2]
- Alipurduar
- Banarhat
- Bhaktinagar
- Birpara
- Dhupguri
- Falakata
- Jaigaon
- Jalpaiguri (Kotwali)
- Kalchini
- Kumargram
- Madarihat
- Malbazar
- Matelli
- Mainaguri
- Nagrakata
- Rajganj
Telephone
There are six telephone area codes of Jalpaiguri district. They are 03561, 03562, 03563, 03564, 03565, 03566.
Assembly constituencies
The district is divided into 12 assembly constituencies:[4]
- Kumargram (ST) (assembly constituency no. 10),
- Kalchini (ST) (assembly constituency no. 11),
- Alipurduars (assembly constituency no. 12),
- Falakata (SC) (assembly constituency no. 13),
- Madarihat (ST) (assembly constituency no. 14),
- Dhupguri (SC) (assembly constituency no. 15),
- Nagrakata (ST) (assembly constituency no. 16),
- Mainaguri (SC) (assembly constituency no. 17),
- Mal (ST) (assembly constituency no. 18),
- Kranti (assembly constituency no. 19),
- Jalpaiguri (assembly constituency no. 20) and
- Rajganj (SC) (assembly constituency no. 21).
Kumargram, Kalchini, Madarihat, Nagrakata and Malbazar constituencies are reserved for Scheduled Tribes (ST) candidates. Falakata, Dhupguri, Mainaguri and Rajganj constituencies are reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) candidates. Along with one assembly constituency from Cooch Behar district, Kumargram, Kalchini, Alipurduar, Falakata, Madarihat and Nagrakata constituencies form the Alipurduars (Lok Sabha constituency), which is reserved for Scheduled Tribes (ST). Dhupguri, Mainaguri, Malbazar, Kranti, Jalpaiguri and Rajganj constituencies form the Jalpaiguri (Lok Sabha constituency), which also contains one assembly constituency from Cooch Behar district.
Impact of delimitation of constituencies
As per order of the Delimitation Commission in respect of the delimitation of constituencies in the West Bengal, the district will be divided into 12 assembly constituencies:[5]
- Kumargram (ST) (assembly constituency no. 10),
- Kalchini (ST) (assembly constituency no. 11),
- Alipurduars (assembly constituency no. 12),
- Falakata (SC) (assembly constituency no. 13),
- Madarihat (ST) (assembly constituency no. 14),
- Dhupguri (SC) (assembly constituency no. 15),
- Mainaguri (SC) (assembly constituency no. 16),
- Jalpaiguri (SC) (assembly constituency no. 17),
- Rajganj (SC) (assembly constituency no. 18),
- Dabgram-Phulbari (assembly constituency no. 19),
- Mal (ST) (assembly constituency no. 20) and
- Nagrakata (ST) (assembly constituency no. 21).
Kumargram, Kalchini, Madarihat, Malbazar and Nagrakata constituencies will remain to be reserved for Scheduled Tribes (ST) candidates. Falakata, Dhupguri, Mainaguri, Jalpaiguri and Rajganj constituencies will be reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) candidates. Along with one assembly constituency from Cooch Behar district, Kumargram, Kalchini, Alipurduar, Falakata, Madarihat and Nagrakata constituencies will continue to form the Alipurduars (Lok Sabha constituency), which will be reserved for Scheduled Tribes (ST). Along with one assembly constituency from Cooch Behar district, Dhupguri, Mainaguri, Jalpaiguri, Rajganj, Dabgram-Phulbari, and Malbazar constituencies will form the Jalpaiguri (Lok Sabha constituency), which will be reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC).
See also
References
- ^ "Directory of District, Sub division, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal, March 2008". West Bengal. National Informatics Centre, India. 2008-03-19. http://wbdemo5.nic.in/writereaddata/Directoryof_District_Block_GPs(RevisedMarch-2008).doc. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
- ^ a b "Administrative setup". Official website of the Jalpaiguri district. http://jalpaiguri.nic.in/MAP2.htm. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
- ^ "Population, Decadal Growth Rate, Density and General Sex Ratio by Residence and Sex, West Bengal/ District/ Sub District, 1991 and 2001". West Bengal. Directorate of census operations. http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_2.htm. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
- ^ "General election to the Legislative Assembly, 2001 – List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies". West Bengal. Election Commission of India. http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S25/WB_ACPC.pdf. Retrieved 2008-11-16.
- ^ "Press Note, Delimitation Commission". Assembly Constituencies in West Bengal. Delimitation Commission. http://www.wbgov.com/e-gov/English/DELIMITATION.pdf. Retrieved 2008-11-16.
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