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Jean Ango

 
Art Encyclopedia: Jean-Robert Ango

( fl 1759-70; d after 16 Jan 1773). French draughtsman and painter. Most of the biographical information about him comes from the writings of his friend, the painter Jean-Antoine Julien, who established in his autobiography that Ango was already in Rome in November 1760; he also described Ango as a painter, although only drawings by him survive. In 1772, in correspondence with the Belgian painter Andries Cornelis Lens, Julien referred to an attack of apoplexy that had left Ango half-paralyzed and reduced to living on charity. Julien's last mention of him is on 16 January 1773. Dated drawings known to be by Ango are from the period 1759-70. Most of the surviving drawings are of paintings and decoration in Roman churches and palaces, but some attest to a knowledge of Naples, and it is recorded that on 18 March 1761 Ango and Jean-Honor? Fragonard were given permission to draw copies of the paintings in the gallery of Capodimonte there. Many of Ango's drawings are copies after Old Masters such as St Lawrence Giving Alms to the Poor (red chalk; Paris, Louvre), a copy of a painting by Guercino (untraced; ex-S Lorenzo fuori le Mura, Rome). Some are after his contemporaries Fragonard and Hubert Robert (e.g. the Corpus Domini Procession, black chalk, Paris, Gal. Cailleux after the original by Robert (London, priv. col.)), and in a number of instances he reworked counterproofs of drawings by Robert (e.g. the Draughtsman of Antiques, black and red chalk, 1762; Cambridge, MA, Fogg) after the original drawing by Robert (Valence, Mus.). Ango also recorded in drawings the paintings in the collection of Bailli de Breteuil, ambassador of the Order of Malta to the Holy See from 1758 to 1780, but he is best known for the 27 etchings and aquatints after his drawings engraved by the Abb? de Saint-Non for his Recueil de griffonnis, de vues, paysages, fragments antiques et sujets historiques (Paris, 1755-78), all of them copies of paintings located in Rome. Ango's draughtsmanship is characterized by strong contours and heavy modelling; he usually worked in red or black chalk.

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Wikipedia: Jean Ango
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Jean Ango
1480-1551
Type: Privateer
Place of birth: Dieppe, Seine-Maritime, France
Allegiance: France
Years of service: 1530s
Rank: Captain
Base of Operations: Atlantic Ocean
Later work: Viscount of Dieppe
Sailing ship near Java la Grande in Vallard Atlas 1547, Dieppe school.

Jean Ango (1480-1551) was a French ship-owner who provided ships to Francis I for exploration of the globe. A native of Dieppe, Ango took over his father's import-export business, and ventured into the spice trade with Africa and India. He was one of the first French to challenge the monopoly of Spain and Portugal, in addition to trading with the eastern Mediterranean, the British Isles, and the Low Countries. He also helped to finance the voyages of Giovanni da Verrazzano and Jacques Cartier.[1]

His father (also named Jean Ango) sent two ships to Newfoundland in an early colonization attempt, including Thomas Aubert as captain of the Pensée. Their arrival in 1508 is the second recorded voyage of a French ship to the Grand Banks after the expedition of John Cabot. After his father's death (probably in the final years of the reign of King Louis XII), the younger Jean Ango stopped any personal participation in trading voyages and settled in Dieppe with his inherited fortune.[2]

He eventually controlled a fleet, partially or alone, of 70 ships, including merchant ships and fishing vessels. Although he funded expeditions for trade and exploration, and used his ships (legally) for wartime raids, "he also sponsored voyages whose only purpose was piracy". [3]

Ango was an intimate friend of King Francis I. In 1521 he was styled Viscount of Dieppe, and in 1533, after the king had visited him in his mansion in Normandy, captain of Dieppe. When John III of Portugal confiscated one of his ships which carried plunder from captured vessels, Ango received the French king's permission to respond. Acting under a letter of marque issued on 26 July 1530, he harassed the Portuguese fleet in the Atlantic, and even threatened to block the port of Lisbon. On 15 August 1531, the Portuguese king agreed to pay reparations of 60,000 ducats in return for Ango's agreement to stop his actions and surrender the letter of marque which permitted them.[4]


He lost popularity under King Henry II. Already nearly bankupt after his forced participation in a royal armament project[citation needed], he was imprisoned after 1549 for failing to pay taxes on his profits from privateering.[1]

In his book La chanson des pilotes, he was the first to describe in writing the use of tobacco.[5]

Notes

  1. ^ a b Morison, Samuel Eliot (1971). The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 260-261. 
  2. ^ Gaffarel, Paul (1889) (in French). Jean Ango. Rouen: Société Normande de Géographie. p. 7. ISBN 0665043260. 
  3. ^ Rogozinski, Jan (1996). Pirates!. New York: Da Capo Press. p. 10. ISBN 0-306-80722-X. 
  4. ^ Gaffarel, Paul (1889) (in French). Jean Ango. Rouen: Société Normande de Géographie. pp. 65-71. ISBN 0665043260. 
  5. ^ Poirier, Jean-Pierre (1996). Lavoisier: Chemist, Biologist, Economist. Philadelphia, PA. p. 417. 

Further reading

  • Knecht, R.J. Renaissance Warrior and Patron: The Reign of Francis I. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996. ISBN 0-521-57885-X
  • Rogozinski, Jan. Pirates!: Brigands, Buccaneers, and Privateers in Fact, Fiction, and Legend. New York: Da Capo Press, 1996. ISBN 0-306-80722-X

External links


 
 

 

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