Jedermann

Jedermann, a play by H. von Hofmannsthal, published in 1911, and first performed at the Salzburger Festspiele in August 1920. It is based on the traditional religious parable of the rich man who is unexpectedly faced with death, and, for the first time, gives thought to the salvation of his soul. This is believed to be of Dutch origin, though early English and German versions are also known (see Gennep, J. von, Macropedius, G., Naogeorgus, T., Sachs, H., Stephani, C., and Stricker, J.). In his preface Hofmannsthal regrets the neglect of these plays, and offers his own version in order that this dramatic parable may again be heard.

Jedermann eats, drinks, and is merry; he has no ear for his mother's warnings, no compassion for his debtor's distress. In the middle of a banquet with his paramour (Buhlschaft) and his fellow winebibbers, his usual sense of well-being deserts him, and Death appears, to warn him that his end is near. In vain he pleads for time. He begs the friends of his prosperity to accompany him on his dark journey, but without avail. He bids his servants carry his treasure chest on the journey; but they flee. As he seeks to console himself at least with the possession of the chest, the lid opens, and Mammon emerges and mocks him. The only companion willing to go with him is Good Works (Werke who, like Glaube, is a female allegorical figure), but his good works have been so few that she is too frail and feeble to endure the journey. Faith (Glaube) then appears, and in her presence Jedermann undergoes a conversion. His repentance restores Good Works to vigour and beauty. An attempt by the Devil to carry Jedermann off to Hell is thwarted by an angel, and Everyman descends with a contrite and believing heart into his grave.