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Jesse Stone

 
Artist: Jesse Stone

Similar Artists:

Theodore Carpenter, Rudy Toombs

Performed Songs By:

Worked With:

  • Born: November 16, 1901, Atchison, KS
  • Died: April 01, 1999, Altamonte Springs, FL
  • Active: '20s, '30s, '40s, '50s, '60s, '70s, '80s, '90s
  • Genres: Rhythm & Blues
  • Instrument: Piano, Songwriter Representative Album: "Jesse Stone Alias Charles "Chuck" Calhoun"

Biography

Songwriter Jesse Stone wrote the classic rock songs "Shake Rattle and Roll," "Don't Let Go," "Flip Flop and Fly" -- co written with Willie Lou Turner -- and "Your Cash Ain't Nothing but Trash." Stone, who also wrote songs under the pseudonym Charles E. Calhoun, was a key player in the development of rhythm & blues, rock & roll, and such pioneering Atlantic Records artists as Ray Charles, Ruth Brown, Big Joe Turner ("Flip Flop and Fly," number two R&B), the Drifters, and the Clovers ("Your Cash Ain't Nothing but Trash," number six R&B).

Born Jesse A. Stone, the grandson of Tennessee slaves in Atchinson, KS, on November 16, 1901, he began performing when he was five years old in his family's touring minstrel show. During the 1920s, Stone was the leader of a jazz band that included saxophonist Coleman Hawkins. Around 1936, jazz legend Duke Ellington assisted Stone in getting a booking at New York City's Cotton Club. Later, Stone became a staff arranger/composer/comedy writer at the city's Apollo Theater. Stone, whose musical career included folk concerts and stints in dance, R&B, and rock & roll bands, joined Atlantic Records as a staff producer/songwriter/arranger in the late '40s. During that decade, Stone's original song "Idaho" was covered by Guy Lombardo and sold three million copies.

Trail-blazing rock & roll band Bill Haley and His Comets recorded Stone's "Shake Rattle and Roll" on Decca Records. The single sold a million copies, peaking at number seven pop on Billboard's charts during summer 1954 and assisting in the acceptance of "Negro music" by white audiences. It was included on the album Rock Around the Clock, which hit number 12 pop in early 1956 and boasted the million-selling title track that held the number one pop spot for eight weeks and hit number three R&B in spring 1955 (in the 1954 Glenn Ford movie Blackboard Jungle and later used as an early opening track for ABC-TV's '70s sitcom Happy Days) and "Burn the Candle." The success of Elvis Presley in 1955 was the beginning of the solidification R&B birthed rock & roll into mainstream America.

Epic Records star Roy Hamilton covered Stone's "Don't Let Go," taking it to number two R&B in early 1958. "Don't Let Go" was also covered by Issac Hayes, whose dazzling disco string- and horn-laced version on Polydor Records hit number 11 R&B in fall 1979. Hayes' Don't Let Go LP went gold in early 1980. Warner Records act Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen's version charted at number 56 pop in early 1975.

At age 97, Jesse Stone died April 1, 1999, in Altamonte Springs, FL. Stone-related releases are Jesse Stone Alias Charles Calhoun (Bear Family), Rhino's Very Best of Big Joe Turner, and Roy Hamilton's Golden Classics. ~ Ed Hogan, All Music Guide
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Jesse Stone

Cover of compilation album of early recordings
Background information
Birth name Jesse Stone
Also known as Charles (or Chuck) Calhoun
Born 16 November 1901(1901-11-16)
Atchison, Kansas
Died 1 April 1999 (aged 97)
Altamonte Springs, Florida
Genre(s) rhythm and blues, jazz, rock and roll, pop
Occupation(s) pianist, arranger, songwriter, record producer
Instrument(s) piano
Years active as musician, c.1920 - 1956
Label(s) Atlantic Records, others
Associated acts The Blue Serenaders, Chick Webb, Big Joe Turner, others
Website http://www.soul-patrol.com/soul/jessiestone.htm

Jesse Stone (born Atchison, Kansas, 16 November 1901 - died Altamonte Springs, Florida, 1 April 1999) was an American rhythm and blues musician and songwriter whose influence spanned a wide range of genres. He also used the pseudonyms Charles Calhoun and Chuck Calhoun. Ahmet Ertegün stated that "Jesse Stone did more to develop the basic rock 'n' roll sound than anybody else." [1]

Contents

Biography

Origins and early career

Stone grew up in Kansas where he was influenced by a wide array of styles. He came from a musical family who put on minstrel shows, and performed with a trained dog act at the age of 4. By 1926 he had formed a group, the Blue Serenaders, and cut his first record, "Starvation Blues", for Okeh Records in 1927. For the next few years he worked as a pianist and arranger in Kansas City, recording with Julia Lee among others, and then in the 1930s organised a larger orchestra.

New York in the 1930s and 1940s

Duke Ellington got Stone's orchestra, which included Coleman Hawkins, booked at the Cotton Club in 1936, and Ellington put Stone up free of charge in his apartment for four months. Over the next few years Stone worked as a bandleader at the Apollo Theatre, and more widely in Harlem as a songwriter and arranger, with Chick Webb's band (which included Louis Jordan), Jimmie Lunceford, and many others. He made some recordings under his own name in the 1930s and 1940s.

In 1941, Stone became musical director for the all women band, the International Sweethearts of Rhythm. He left after two years.

Stone's early writings show a deep blues influence. An early success was "Idaho", recorded by several artists, with the Benny Goodman version peaking at # 4 (pop) in 1942. The recording by Guy Lombardo sold three million copies. Jimmy Dorsey recorded his composition "Sorghum Switch", later retitled "Cole Slaw" by Louis Jordan. Stone also recorded novelty blues records for RCA Records, and wrote the standard "Smack Dab in the Middle".

Atlantic Records

In 1945, with his friend Herb Abramson, he joined National Records, and two years later the pair joined the staff at Atlantic Records. At the time, Stone was the only black person on the Atlantic payroll.

Stone worked for Atlantic as a producer, songwriter, and arranger. During a trip to the South in 1949 with Ahmet Ertegün and Herb Abramson, Stone discovered that Atlantic's records were not selling in the southern states because they lacked a certain danceable quality. Stone later said: "I listened to the stuff that was being done by those thrown-together bands in the joints down there, and I concluded that the only thing that was missing from the stuff we were recording was the rhythm. All we needed was a bass line. So I designed a bass pattern, and it sort of became identified with rock'n'roll - doo, da-DOO, DUM; doo, da-DOO, DUM - that thing. I'm the guilty person that started that."[1]

In 1953 he wrote Ray Charles' hit "Losing Hand" (1953), and also wrote "Money Honey", which became the first hit record for The Drifters, topping the national R&B chart for 11 weeks. The following year, he arranged "Sh-Boom" by The Chords.

As Charles Calhoun

On Ertegün's advice, Stone used the pseudonym of Charles E. Calhoun, a name appropriated from an unknowing local builder, on his BMI tunes to avoid conflict with his membership in the other music licensing society, ASCAP. His best known composition as Calhoun was "Shake, Rattle and Roll". The song was first recorded by Big Joe Turner in 1954 for Atlantic and was a major hit for the rhythm and blues artist, often cited as one of the first rock and roll records. An even bigger success was a cover version of the song recorded later in 1954 for Decca Records by Bill Haley & His Comets. This version became one of the first rock and roll recordings to sell a million copies and be an international success (predating Haley's better-known "Rock Around the Clock" by nearly a year).

Stone also co-wrote "Flip, Flop and Fly" with Turner, which was another hit (Haley was also fond of the song and recorded it no less than three times during his career). Stone also had additional Haley connections: another Haley hit, 1955's "Razzle-Dazzle", was written by Stone under the Calhoun pseudonym. Stone is also credited as co-writer (along with James E. Myers a.k.a. Jimmy DeKnight, co-writer of "Rock Around the Clock") of "Rattle My Bones", a song recorded in 1956 by the Comets spin-off group, The Jodimars.

As a bandleader, Stone recorded several singles in the late 1940s and mid 1950s, on RCA Victor, Atlantic and other labels, either under his own name or as "Chuck", "Charles" or "Charlie" Calhoun.

Later career and retirement

In 1956, with Hal Fein and Charles Singleton, he launched the publishing company Roosevelt Music.[citation needed] In 1961, after a brief and temporary retirement, Stone was recruited to run Randy Records in Chicago, a company with underworld connections. However, he left after a few years, moving first to New York and then Florida.

Stone was honored by the Rhythm and Blues Foundation in 1992 with a Pioneer Award. Stone died at age 97 in Florida. [2]

Legacy

References

  1. ^ a b Nick Tosches, Unsung Heroes Of Rock 'n' Roll (2nd ed. 1991), page 12-21.
  2. ^ Associated Press (April 4, 1999). Jesse Stone, 97, Developer of Rock's Early Hits.

External links


 
 

 

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