(b Poznań, 27 Aug 1807;dGatchina, 8 March 1863). German conductor. He studied in Breslau, and worked there and in Düsseldorf before settling in St Petersburg, where he directed the German, then the Russian, opera. He conducted the première of Ruslan and Lyudmila (1842). His sons, Konstantin Karl (1836-93) and Eugen Maria (1842-94), were eminent teachers and administrators, the former a friend of Tchaikovsky and the latter a leading figure in St Petersburg musical life.





