The general structure of the kavalactones, without the R1-R2 -O-CH2-O- bridge and with all possible C=C double bonds shown.
Kavalactones are a class of lactone compounds found in the kava shrub.
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Compounds
See also: Flavokavain
At least 18 different kavalactones have been identified to date, with methysticin being the first identified.[1] Synthetic analogues, such as ethysticin, also exist.[2]
| Name | Structure | R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yangonin | 1 | -OCH3 | -H | -H | -H |
| 10-methoxyyangonin | 1 | -OCH3 | -H | -OCH3 | -H |
| 11-methoxyyangonin | 1 | -OCH3 | -OCH3 | -H | -H |
| 11-hydroxyyangonin | 1 | -OCH3 | -OH | -H | -H |
| 5,6-dehydrokavain | 1 | -H | -H | -H | -H |
| 11-methoxy-12-hydroxydehydrokavain | 1 | -OH | -OCH3 | -H | -H |
| 7,8-dihydroyangonin | 2 | -OCH3 | -H | -H | -H |
| Kavain | 3 | -H | -H | -H | -H |
| 5-hydroxykavain | 3 | -H | -H | -H | -OH |
| 5,6-dihydroyangonin | 3 | -OCH3 | -H | -H | -H |
| 7,8-dihydrokavain | 4 | -H | -H | -H | -H |
| 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroyangonin | 4 | -OCH3 | -H | -H | -H |
| 5,6-dehydromethysticin | 5 | - | - | -H | -H |
| Methysticin | 7 | - | - | -H | -H |
| 7,8-dihydromethysticin | 8 | - | - | -H | -H |
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See also
References
- ^ Naumov, P., Dragull, K., Yoshioka, M., Tang, C.-S.; Ng, S. W. "Structural Characterization of Genuine (—)-Pipermethystine, (—)-Epoxypipermethystine, (+)-Dihydromethysticin and Yangonin from the Kava Plant (Piper methysticum)", Natural Product Communications(2008), 3(8) 1333—1336.
- ^ Shulgin, A (1973). "The narcotic ppper - the chemistry and pharmacology of Piper methysticum and related species". Bull. Narc. 25 (59): 59–74.
External links
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